Firms A and B are identical except for their capital structure: A is fully equity financed, while B carries £50m of debt on which it pays 59% interest. Both firms are projected to generate annual cash flows of £10m in perpetuity. A's cost of capital is 10%. Assume perfect capital markets and no taxes. In the absence of arbitrage opportunities, what is the value of firm B's equity and its cost of equity capital? O £100m and 1096 O £50m and 156 O £150m and 1096 O £100m and 5%
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- Firms A and B are identical except for their capital structure: A is fully equity financed, while B carries £50m of debt on which it pays 5% interest. Both firms are projected to generate annual cash flows of £10m in perpetuity. A's cost of capital is 10%. Assume perfect capital markets and no taxes. In the absence of arbitrage opportunities, what is the value of firm B's equity and its cost of equity capital? £100m and 10% £50m and 15% £150m and 10% £100m and 5%The market value of Stan Company's equity is P15 million, and the market value of its risk free debt is P5 million. If the required rate of return on the equity is 20% and that on the debt is 8%, calculate the company's cost of capital. (Assume no taxes.) (round your answer to the nearest whole number)Kohwe Corporation plans to issue equity to raise $50 million to finance a new investment. After making the investment, Kohwe expects to earn free cash flows of $10 million each year. Kohwe currently has 5 million shares outstanding, and has no other assets or opportunities. Suppose the appropriate discount rate for Kohwe's future free cash flows is 8%, and the only capital market imperfections are corporate taxes and financial distress costs. a. What is the NPV of Kohwe's investment? b. What is Kohwe's share price today? Suppose Kohwe borrows the $50 million instead. The finn will pay interest only on this loan each year, and maintain an outstanding balance of $40 million on the loan. Suppose that Kohwe's corporate tax rate is 35%, and expected free cash flows are still $9 million each year. c. What is Kohwe's share price today if the investment is financed with debt? Now suppose that with leverage, Kohwe's expected free cash flows wiH decline to $8 million per year due…
- Duke Inc. is considering to change its capital structure of a $1 million:$3 million debt-equity mix (in terms of market values), by taking out a $3 million loan which is used to pay a large dividend to shareholders. The firm’s tax rate is 40%. After the dividend has been paid, what will be the firm’s total equity value?Wham Corp. is financed entirely by equity at the cost of 12%. The firm is expected to generate a level, perpetual stream of earnings of $1,000 per year. It operates in a perfect market except for taxation at the rate of 40%. (a) Compute the net cash flow per year and the value of the unlevered firm. (b) Now assume the firm borrows $3,000 at a debt cost of 8%. (c) Compute the value of the levered firm and account for the difference in your answer for the unlevered firm.Widgets Inc has an expected EBIT of $64,000 in perpetuity and a tax rate of 35 percent. The firm has$95,000 in outstanding debt at an interest rate of 8.5 percent, and its unlevered cost of capital is 15percent. What is the value of the firm according to M&M Proposition I with taxes? Should the companychange its debt–equity ratio if the goal is to maximize the value of the firm? Explain.
- XYZ is currently an all-equity firm with a total market value of $1,000,000. Earnings beforeinterest and taxes (EBIT) are projected to be $80,000 if economic conditions are normal. Ifthere is strong expansion in the economy, then EBIT will be 20% higher. If there is arecession, then EBIT will be 30% lower. The three states of the economy are equallylikely. XYZ is considering a (perpetual) debt issue of $150,000 with an interest (i.e.,coupon) rate of 6%. The proceeds will be used to repurchase shares of stock. There arecurrently 25,000 shares outstanding. Suppose that XYZ pays no taxes (that is, the tax rateis 0%). a) Calculate earnings per share, EPS, under each of the three economic scenariosbefore any debt is issued.Also, calculate the percentage changes in EPS when the economy expands orenters a recession. b) Repeat part (a) assuming that XYZ goes through with the recapitalization (that is,XYZ issues debt to repurchase shares at the current market price). Explain yourfindings.OSA Company has the following values of interest-bearing debt and common equity capital: Financing Source Dollar Amount Interest Rate Cost of CapitalShort-term loan $200,000 12%Long-term loan $200,000 14%Equity capital $600,000 22% OSI is in the 30 percent average tax bracket. A. Calculate the after-tax weighted average cost of capital for OSI. B. Given that OSI's EBIT is $300,000, compute its EVA. C. Did the venture build or destroy value? Explain. Make sure to show all the formulas and calculations in addition to any assumption needed.Consider a firm that is currently all-equity financed. The firm produces a perpetual EBIT of $90m per annum and has an all-equity cost of capital (required return on equity) of 12 per cent. The corporate tax rate is 30 per cent, and the interest rate on debt is 2.5 per cent. The company is to be acquired under a LBO, under which an initial level of debt of $400m will be taken on, with repayment of $100m per year and interest on the principal at the end of each of years 1, 2, and 3. A level of debt of $100m will then be maintained in perpetuity. a. Calculate the present value of interest tax shield, you may assume that you can discount any debt-related cash flows at the cost of debt. b. Calculate the value of the firm before LBO c. Calculate the value of the firm following LBO using the APV method
- Sefton Villa will be worth either €60 million, €80 million or €100 million in one year with equal probabilities. The firm has bonds outstanding with a promised payment of €75 million in one year at an expected rate of 6% and the required rate of return on the assets is 12%. What is the company's equity cost of capital? What is the expected payoff of the debt? What is the debt’s promised rate of return?Two firms, Kit plc and Kat plc, are identical except for their capital structure. Both will earn £300 million in a boom and £100 million in a slump. Kit plc is entirely equity-financed, and therefore shareholders receive the entire income. Its shares are valued at £1 billion. Kat plc has issued £800 million of risk-free debt at an interest rate of 10%, and therefore £80 million of Kat plc income is paid out in interest. There is no taxation and investors can borrow and lend at the risk-free rate of interest. Moreover, you are told that £10 invested in the market portfolio today grows as follows: Today In 1 year £10 £15 (good state) £5 (bad state) a) What is the risk-neutral probability of the good state realisation? What is the value of Kat plc stock? Show all your calculations and comment on your results. b) Suppose that you invest £40 million in Kit plc stock. Is there an alternative investment in Kat plc that would give identical payoffs in both good and bad state…Pack-and-Send, Inc. expects to have free cash flow of $6.5 million next year and this cash flow will grow at a rate of 6% per year thereafter. The firm's equity cost of capital is 9% and its debt cost of capital is 5%. Assume that Pack-and-Send has a corporate tax rate of 30%. If the firm maintains a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.60, the value of the firm's tax shield is closest to: options: $18.47 million $27.95 million $54.28 million $260.00 million None of the above