φ(n) Σ× + Σφ) i=1 d|n Where gcd (X , n) = 1, 1 < X Sn 1 + φ(n) \ n 2 It is not defined in general n η ( φ(n) 2 2 + φ (n) n(2+) 11

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A: The complex mathematical expressions can be solved using calculators.