Given an arbitrary input variable X and a binary output variable Y, we are interested in predicting Y using LDA. The input variable has a sample standard deviation of 1. Conditional on Y=0, it has a sample average of -0.78, and conditional on Y=1, it has sample average of 2.58. The proportion of 0s in our sample is 50%. What is the probability that Y=1 given X=2?

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.