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- Concepts of programming language Consider the following JavaScript program: var a, y, c;function sub1() {var b, z, c;function sub2() {var a, b, y;. . .}. . .}function sub3() {var a, x, w;. . .}List all the variables, along with the program units where they are declared,that are visible in the bodies of sub2 when the sequence of function call is:“sub1 calls sub3 and sub3 calls sub2”, assuming dynamic scoping is used.Consider the following JavaScript skeletal program: //The main program var x; function sub1() { var x; function sub2() { . . . } } function sub3() { . . . } Assuming Static scoping, which declaration of x will be used inthe following functions: a) sub1() b) sub2() c) sub3() You can consider the first declaration of x as x1 and the second as x2Question 2. Consider the following skeletal C program. void fun1(void) {int a, b, c;// call another function} void fun2(void) {int d, e, f;// call another function} void fun3(void) {int c, d, e;// call another function} void main () {int a, f, e;// call another function} Given the following calling sequences and assuming that dynamic scoping is used, whatvariables are visible during execution of the last function called? Include with each visiblevariable the name of the function in which it was defined. a. main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3.b. main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1.c. main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2.d. main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun1
- With regard to the following JavaScript program, function main() { function sub1() var x = 10; function sub2() { var y = x; } function sub3() var x = 5; var x = 20; } 1) If it is interpreted using static-scoping rules. What value of x is displayed in functions sub1, sub2, and sub3 respectively? Why? 2) If it is under dynamic-scoping rules, what value of x is displayed in functions sub1, sub2, and sub3 respectively? Why?Consider the following JavaScript skeletal program: //The main program var x; function sub1() { var x; function sub2() { . . . } } function sub3() { . . . } Assuming Dynamic scoping, which declaration of x will be used inthe following functions: a) sub1() b) sub2() c) sub3() You can consider the first declaration of x as x1 and the second as x2Need help in this question Consider the following skeletal C program:void fun1(void); /* prototype */void fun2(void); /* prototype */void fun3(void); /* prototype */void main() {int a, b, c;. . .}void fun1(void) {int b, c, d;. . .}void fun2(void) {int c, d, e;. . .}void fun3(void) {int d, e, f;. . .}Given the following calling sequences and assuming that dynamic scopingis used, what variables are visible during execution of the last functioncalled? Include with each visible variable the name of the function inwhich it was defined.a. main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3.b. main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3.c. main calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun
- Write a C++ program with two user defined functions. The first function named “functionWithArray” takes two user input arguments of character types and return True if first argument is smaller than the second argument (alphabetically) and returns False otherwise. Write the second function named “functionWithPointers” which behaves like the first functions but uses pointers to receive the arguments. You may assume that both character arrays contain only lower-case letters, and no blanks or other non- alphabetic characters. Write a suitable Main function to test these two functionsAssume the following JavaScript program was interpreted using staticscoping rules. What value of x is displayed in function sub1? Underdynamic-scoping rules, what value of x is displayed in function sub1?var x;function sub1() {document.write("x = " + x + "");}function sub2() {var x;x = 10;sub1();}x = 5;sub2();Write C++ code for the following tasks: Write a prototype for the function named fsum() that accepts two parameters: an array A of integer pointers and a variable x of type double. The return type of this function is int. Store three integer values entered as command line arguments in an integer array A. Insert the string “ Offline” after the first occurrence of character „o‟ in the string s1= “Hello World”. Also, print the ASCII value of each character in this modified string after insertion. Define a function replace() that receives an integer number as parameter and replaces it with a number formed by rearranging the digits of the original number. The return type of the function is void. Define a class A that declares a static variable count of type integer. Initialize the value of count to zero. Use the variable count to count the number of objects of the class A.
- Exercise 5. 1 Write a C++ program with two user defined functions. The first function named “functionWithArray” takestwo user input arguments of character types and return True if first argument is smaller than the secondargument (alphabetically) and returns False otherwise. Write the second function named“functionWithPointers” which behaves like the first functions but uses pointers to receive the arguments.You may assume that both character arrays contain only lower-case letters, and no blanks or other nonalphabetic characters. Write a suitable Main function to test these two functions. Sample Output:Enter First String: C++ProgrammingEnter Second String: JavaProgrammingAccording to functionWithArrays: 'c++programming' is smaller than 'javaprogramming'.According to functionWithPointers: 'c++programming' is smaller than 'javaprogramming'.Define a function CalcPyramidVolume with double data type parameters baseLength, baseWidth, and pyramidHeight, that returns as a double the volume of a pyramid with a rectangular base. Relevant geometry equations:Volume = base area x height x 1/3Base area = base length x base width.(Watch out for integer division). #include <iostream>using namespace std; /* Your solution goes here */ int main() { double userLength; double userWidth; double userHeight; cin >> userLength; cin >> userWidth; cin >> userHeight; cout << "Volume: " << CalcPyramidVolume(userLength, userWidth, userHeight) << endl; return 0;}Consider the following defintion: data Term = Var String | Application Term Term | Lambda String Term Construct a Haskell function: alphaRename :: Term -> String -> Term Where it performs an alpha renaming. (alphaRename t x) substitutes x for the formal parameter of t, which must be a lambda expression. You can assume that x is not free in t, i.e., not free in the body of t. Please provide your function code with an example input for the above operation.