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Help Solve first 3 questions with provided information What is the independent variable(s)? Dependent variable? What is the control?

Help Solve first 3 questions with provided information What is the independent variable(s)? Dependent variable? What is the control?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Help Solve first 3 questions with provided information

  1. What is the independent variable(s)?
  2. Dependent variable?
  3. What is the control?
Experiment #2 From Franca Rossi's Master's thesis on "The use of Lactic Acid Bacteria to control the growth of foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut fruits and sprout vegetables". Objective: To determine the efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum on the reduction of L. monocytogenes on Granny Smith apples stored at 4°C and 20°C for seven and five days, respectively. Methods: Prior to inoculation, the surface of the apples were washed for 15 s in running deionized water, sprayed with 5 ml of 70% ethanol and air dried for 30 min under a biological safety cabinet. The sanitized apples were sliced using a sterile stainless steel apple slicer. The weight of the apple slices was approximately 12 + 3 g. The flesh of the apple slices was spot inoculated with 20 µL of either the pathogen or 0.1% sterile peptone water. Treated apple slices were air dried at 20°C in the biological safety cabinet for approximately 45 min. Afterwards, 200 µL of either Lb. plantarum was spot inoculated on the flesh of the apple slices. Treated apple slices were air dried at room temperature in the biological safety cabinet for approximately 1.5 h. The treated apple slices were then placed in Whirl-Pak® bags and stored at 4°C and 20'C for seven and five days, respectively. Samples were diluted with 0.1% peptone water, homogenized in a stomacher at 200 rpm for one minute, serially diluted, and plated on the appropriate media. Lb. plantarum and L. monocytogenes were enumerated using de man, rogosa, and şsharne (MRS) and modified oxford agar (MOX) agar.
Transcribed Image Text:Experiment #2 From Franca Rossi's Master's thesis on "The use of Lactic Acid Bacteria to control the growth of foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut fruits and sprout vegetables". Objective: To determine the efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum on the reduction of L. monocytogenes on Granny Smith apples stored at 4°C and 20°C for seven and five days, respectively. Methods: Prior to inoculation, the surface of the apples were washed for 15 s in running deionized water, sprayed with 5 ml of 70% ethanol and air dried for 30 min under a biological safety cabinet. The sanitized apples were sliced using a sterile stainless steel apple slicer. The weight of the apple slices was approximately 12 + 3 g. The flesh of the apple slices was spot inoculated with 20 µL of either the pathogen or 0.1% sterile peptone water. Treated apple slices were air dried at 20°C in the biological safety cabinet for approximately 45 min. Afterwards, 200 µL of either Lb. plantarum was spot inoculated on the flesh of the apple slices. Treated apple slices were air dried at room temperature in the biological safety cabinet for approximately 1.5 h. The treated apple slices were then placed in Whirl-Pak® bags and stored at 4°C and 20'C for seven and five days, respectively. Samples were diluted with 0.1% peptone water, homogenized in a stomacher at 200 rpm for one minute, serially diluted, and plated on the appropriate media. Lb. plantarum and L. monocytogenes were enumerated using de man, rogosa, and şsharne (MRS) and modified oxford agar (MOX) agar.
Results: 8. L. monocytogenes, 4°C L. monocytogenes, 20°C L. monocytogenes/ Lb. plantarum, 4°C L. monocytogenes/ Lb. plantarum, 20°C ** ** 1 3 5 7 Storage Day Figure 1. Mean population (log CFU/g) of L. monocytogenes in the presence and absence of Lb. plantarum at 4°C and 20°C during seven and five days of storage, respectively (n =6). Error bars represent standard deviation of the mean. ** Values between treatments on the same storage day at 20°C are significantly different according to Tukey's test (p-value < 0.05). Questions: 1. What is the independent variable(s)? 2. Dependent variable? 3. What is the control? Population of L. monocytogenes (log CFU/g) 2.
Transcribed Image Text:Results: 8. L. monocytogenes, 4°C L. monocytogenes, 20°C L. monocytogenes/ Lb. plantarum, 4°C L. monocytogenes/ Lb. plantarum, 20°C ** ** 1 3 5 7 Storage Day Figure 1. Mean population (log CFU/g) of L. monocytogenes in the presence and absence of Lb. plantarum at 4°C and 20°C during seven and five days of storage, respectively (n =6). Error bars represent standard deviation of the mean. ** Values between treatments on the same storage day at 20°C are significantly different according to Tukey's test (p-value < 0.05). Questions: 1. What is the independent variable(s)? 2. Dependent variable? 3. What is the control? Population of L. monocytogenes (log CFU/g) 2.
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