How capacitor respond to an alternating current? Draw Current-voltage diagram to explain the phase lag and phase lead when capacitor is connected in an RC circuit.
7. How capacitor respond to an alternating current? Draw Current-voltage diagram to explain the
Capacitors behave differently than resistors, where resistors allow a flow of electrons through them directly proportional to the voltage drop, while capacitors oppose changes in voltage by supplying or drawing current as they charge or discharge to the new voltage level.
Capacitors get charged to the value of the applied voltage, and acts as a temporary storage device and supporting this charge indefinitely as long as the supply voltage is present throughout the direct current connection. Charging current will flow into the capacitor opposing any changes to the voltage, at the same rate of change of electrical charge on the plates.
In the following figure, consider a circuit having only a capacitor with an AC power source. It emerges that there is a phase difference of 90 degrees between the current and voltage. The current reaching its peak before the voltage reaches its peak. The AC power supply produces an oscillating voltage. The greater will be the capacitance, the larger amount of charge has to flow to increase a particular voltage on the plates, and hence the current will be also higher. Now a higher frequency of voltage gives a shorter time-period hence larger current will flow. The current increases with an increase in capacitance and frequency.
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