How does the long plateau of the cardiac action potential develop and what is its functional role?

Q: What is the relationship between end-diastolic ventricular volume and stroke volume in a normal…

A: Human heart is the Center for regulating blood across the body. It is located within the thoracic…

Q: What are Cardiac Action Potentials?

A: Unlike the action potential in skeletal muscle cells, the cardiac nerve impulse isn't initiated by…

Q: How does the delay of the impulse at theatrioventricular node contribute to cardiac function?

A: The second clump of myocardial specialized conductive cells is called as atrioventricular node. This…

Q: What are the mechanisms that assist in returning venous blood to the heart?

A: The most important transport liquid in the human body is blood. This is circulated from heart to…

Q: How is the return of venous blood to the heart accomplished?

A: The veins (blood vessels) that return the blood to the heart. The pressure developed in the veins…

Q: Why is it necessary for cells of the cardiac atria and ventricles to contract in a coordinated…

A: Introduction :- Blood from the veins enters the two atria, which have thin walls. The heart's two…

Q: What type of tissue composes the fibrous skeleton of the heart, and how is it organized?

A: The cardiac skeleton, also known as fibrous skeleton of the heart plays four major functions which…

Q: What is ventricular fibrillation?

A: The heart is a muscular organ that is divided into the left and right sides to prevent the mixing of…

Q: What is the blood flow of the heart?

A: Blood is the body fluid that is composed of plasma and formed cell that circulates through the…

Q: Where is located the primary heart pacemaker? What is its function? What is the normal heart rate…

A: The heart is the most important organ for the body and is made up of several different types of…

Q: What is the change in intraventricular pressure between the time the first heart sound begins and…

A: The circulatory system is one of the most essential systems in the body. The function of the…

Q: What are the uses of cardiac troponins?

A: Troponins are a group of protein molecules that are found in skeletal and cardiac muscles. The…

Q: What is the relationship between wall thickness and function among the various chambers of the…

A: Heart in humans have four chambers with different thickness of the walls. Generally the ventricles…

Q: a)How is one-way flow through the heart achieved and What are the stages of the cardiac cycle and…

A: The cardiac cycle is a function of the human heart from the beginning of the heartbeat to the…

Q: What effects does the parasympathetic nervous system have on cardiac output?

A: The cardiovascular system plays the part in conveying the blood through vessels to and from all…

Q: How do gap junctions and intercalated disks aidcontraction of the heart?

A: The circulatory system is one of the most essential systems in the body. The function of the…

Q: Explain Mechanical Events of the Cardiac Cycle?

A: The cardiac cycle involves the events that occur in the heart chambers in a single heartbeat. The…

Q: What is mainly responsible for the delay between the atrial and ventricularcontractions?

A: The action potential conduction velocity of the AV node cells is mainly responsible for the delay…

Q: What forces drive the venous return to the heart?

A: Anatomy and physiology are the branches of biology, anatomy deals with the study of the structure of…

Q: why a leaking heart valve may cause heart damage over time?

A: Leaky heart valve can affect any of the four heart valves: 1)Aortic valve ( left ventricle and…

Q: How are events of the cardiac cycle reflected in pressure and volume changes within the cardiac…

A: The cardiac cycle includes coordinated contraction and relaxation of heart chambers.

Q: Can you please explain in detail :  is the ventricular afterload a determinant of cardiac…

A: Cardiac Output- This is the process in which blood volume used to ejected by the heart/ unit time.…

Q: How does the depolarization of pacemaker cells differfrom the depolarization of other cardiac cells?…

A: Anatomy and physiology are the branches of biology, anatomy deals with the study of the structure of…

Q: How are the two heart sounds produced during cardiac cycle? Which one of these is of longer…

A: The cycle that involves the end of one heartbeat and initiation of the second heartbeat is called…

Q: Which organs have an increased proportion of cardiac output during exercise? Which receive a…

A: Cardiac output is also called heart output. It describes the blood volume being pumped by the heart…

Q: how do gap junction and intercalated disks aids contraction of heart?

A: Cardiac muscle tissues are only limited to the heart. The contractions of the cardiac muscles are…

Q: Why does heart rate increase with exercise?

A: Exercise may be defined as any physical body activity that can increase the fitness of an individual…

Q: What are the pathways of conduction through the heart?

A: The conduction system in the heart is basically a collection of nodes which can consist of nerve or…

Q: What type of cardiac rhythm is this??

A: Electrocardiogram (ECG): This is a simple test. this test can be used to check: -Heart's rhythm…

Q: High-pressure environments have a profound effect on the cardiopulmonary system. What are they?

A: Cardiopulmonary is a combination of two words that is cardio and pulmonary. Cardio means heart and…

Q: What is Cardiac Pacemaker?

A: The heart and blood vessels are the main organs of the cardiovascular system. The heart, which is…

Q: What are the main components of the venous system in the heart?

A: The venous system is composed of veins. The veins are the part of the vasculature long with…

Q: How are preload, afterload, and contractility managed therapeutically in the patient with heart…

A: Heart failure is characterized by the heart’s inability to pump an adequate supply of blood to the…

Q: What is the functional significance of the difference in thickness of the ventricular walls?

A: The ventricle is one of the two large chambers towards the bottom of the heart that collects and…

Q: What does the left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) measure?

A: Ventricular stroke work is the work done by a ventricle in pumping the blood in one cardiac cycle.…

Q: What is the significance of the difference in thickness of the ventricular walls?

A: The ventricle is one of the two large chambers towards the bottom of the heart that collects and…

Q: Why must this change occur? (in reference to how does the heart rate differ before and after…

A: The process of circulation or internal transport is carried out by the pumping organ of the body,…

Q: How do High-pressure environments have a profound effect on the cardiopulmonary system?

A: The heart, as well as the arteries, veins, and capillaries that allow blood to flow throughout the…

Q: Pressure changes that occur during the cardiac cycle are responsible for what two physiologic…

A: The cardiac cycle is the time interval between atria contraction and ventricular relaxation. Fluids,…

Q: What is an electrical difference across the fibers of the heart called?

A: Introduction: Even if all of the nerves supplying the heart are cut or if it is divided into several…