Q: What is the role of NAD+ and FAD in the cell?
A: NAD+ and FAD NAD+ is a coenzyme of a water soluble vitamin - Niacin . It is Nicotinamide adenine…
Q: What is the first step in the catabolism of an amino acid to intermediates of cellular respiration
A: Introduction: Cellular respiration is the process by which the chemical energy of food is converted…
Q: Does the oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and watertake place in one step or in several steps?
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, and a hydrogen ion. The…
Q: How is the energy released from the oxidation of a carbon compound converted into ATP?
A: Aerobic respiration is a cellular process in which cellular energy is produced in the presence of…
Q: What causes the rotation of the γ subunit of the ATP synthase? Howdoes this rotation promote ATP…
A: ATP synthase complexes are an essential component of the cell that are responsible for the proton…
Q: How does the flow of protons drive the synthesis of ATP?
A: In the year 1961, Peter Mitchell proposed a hypothesis that electron transport and ATP synthesis are…
Q: Which mechanisms may be used to reverse a high NADH:NAD+ ratio in the cytosol under anaerobic…
A: The process through which an organism receives energy is known as cellular respiration. Cellular…
Q: Does glycolysis occur within the mitochondria?
A: Glycolysis is a process in which the glucose molecule is converted into two molecules of pyruvic…
Q: Other than the half channels in the C-ring, what other transporters use protons during ATP…
A: Animal cells produce ATP by cellular respiration, whereas plant cells produce carbohydrates through…
Q: How does the “investment phase” of glycolysis effect the net yield of ATP in that pathway?
A: Answer: Introduction: When the foods consumed and digested, glucose molecule into which a…
Q: From where is the enzyme lactase secreted?
A: Enzymes are proteinaceous structures that catalyze biochemical reactions without themselves…
Q: What is the net gain of ATP and NADH for each glucose moleculeundergoing glycolysis?
A: In a cell, the breakdown of complex organic molecules can be aerobic meaning in the presence of…
Q: In which step of cellular respiration is most of the energy that was harvested from glucose…
A: Cellular respiration : It is the process by which organism use oxygen to break down food molecules…
Q: How is the energy provided for glucose uptake by active transport?
A: The cell requires glucose for energy purposes. It consumes the glucose and performers metabolic…
Q: How are proteins metabolized to produce ATP?
A: Most of the food we eat is made of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. These molecules must be…
Q: How Is the Electron-Transport Chain Organized?
A: ATP is the energy currency for all living cells. Cells such as eukaryotic cells and bacterial cells…
Q: How do cells store and spend energy and is the energy converted into for?
A: Cell is considered as the basic functional and structural unit of Life. All the Cell is able to…
Q: During which steps in the cells’ harvesting of chemical energy do substrate level phosphorylation…
A: ATP(adenosine triphosphate) is a high energy phosphate molecule that carries energy in its bond.…
Q: What are the reasons why the number of ATP produced by cellular respiration is not known exactly?
A: Theoretically, the number of ATP molecules produced by cellular respiration is 38. However, the…
Q: Can a proton gradient drive the synthesis of ATP?
A: ATP is a molecule that contains high energy phosphodiester bonds which when hydrolyzed release a…
Q: What process must take place before amino acids can be fed into the glycolysis and the TCA?
A: Both the Glycolysis and TCA cycle are a part of cellular respiration in which the free energy…
Q: How does the electron transport chain and the process of chemiosmosis work to form ATP?
A: The electron transport chain is a series of electron transporters embedded in the inner…
Q: Does high amount of NADPHs inhibit or promote glycolysis and promote or inhibit the Pentose…
A: Glycolysis is a catabolic process in which glucose gets metabolized into two molecules of pyruvate.…
Q: How are the rate of cellular respiration related to the uptake of glucose?
A: Cellular respiration is the procedure through which organisms integrate oxygen with food molecules,…
Q: How are fatty acids transported into the mitochondria?
A: The enzymes needed for the oxidation of fatty acid in animal cells are found in the mitochondrial…
Q: How essential is energy coupling in the transfer of energy in the cells?
A: The cells and tissues can only use certain forms of energy, and the human cells can only use the…
Q: Where are the ATP and NADPH used?
A: In the presence of light, ATP and NADPH are produced by the electron transport chain by photosystem…
Q: Why are energy carriers thought of as either “full” or “empty”?
A: as in photosynthesis. We have energy-carrying molecules.
Q: How do molecules of atp store and provide energy for the cells ?
A: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. The…
Q: How Does a Proton Gradient Drive the Synthesis of ATP?
A: The synthesis of ATP takes place in mitochondria.
Q: Which phase of cellular respiration results in the greatest amount of ATP?
A: Ans - Oxidative Phosphorylation/ Electron Transport System phase of cellular respiration produces…
Q: Does the oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and water take place in on step or in several steps?
A: Digestion is the breakdown of carbohydrates to yield an energy rich compound called ATP. The…
Q: Is There a Good Index of Cellular Energy Status?
A: The adenylate energy charge is an index that is used to measure the energy status of the biological…
Q: Of the stages of cellular respiration, which produces the most ATP molecules per glucose? Where does…
A: Cell respiration is a bunch of metabolic responses and cycles that occur in the cells to change over…
Q: Where are the enzymes of the electron transport chain located?
A: Cristae are the folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are tubular regions surrounded by…
Q: During oxidative phosphorylation: H+ are actively transported from __ to __? How does this process…
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is also known as electron transport chain (ETC). It occurs in the matrix…
Q: Describe the reactions that convert IMP to ATP and GTP.
A: Inosinic acid or inosine monophosphate is a nucleotide. It is widely used as a flavor enhancer, and…
Q: What are the products of glycolysis (from one glucose molecule)? What happens with NADH under aero…
A: Glycolysis is the process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of…
Q: The energy stored in one molecule of NADH is used to synthesize how many molecules of ATP?
A: NADH stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hydrogen. It is a high energy compound. It is used…
Q: How is the energy released from the Kreb’s cycle converted to ATP?
A: Krebs cycle refers to the series of metabolic reactions taking place in all aerobic organisms for…
Q: How come different fatty acids produce different amounts of ATP during oxidation? What is the…
A: Beta oxidation is a catabolic process in which fatty acid molecules are broken down. In prokaryotes…
Q: A7) Name the two enzymes that conduct substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis
A: Introduction :- Substrate-level phosphorylation is a metabolic reaction in which a phosphate group…
Q: Which mechanisms may be used to reverse a high NADH:NAD* ratio in the cytosol under anaerobic…
A: Alcohol Metabolism -- Alcohol --Alcohol the group of compounds which have a general formula R -OH…
Q: Which is better NADH or NAD+?
A: NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a cofactor found in all living cells. It is called…
Q: How is NAD* regenerated in anaerobic conditions? In aerobic conditions?
A: Biological oxidation of glycolysis is a cytoplasmic pathway that breaks down glucose into two…
Q: Why are ATPases hydrolases? Aren’t they also transferases as they move the phosphate group onto the…
A: Hydrolases: it is a group of enzymes which required the water molecules for the break down of…
How is the energy that is poured into the ETS translated into generation of ATP?
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- How is the energy released from the Kreb’s cycle converted to ATP?What is the first step in the catabolism of an amino acid to intermediates of cellular respiration?In which step of cellular respiration is most of the energy that was harvested from glucose transformed into an energy source that can be used to do cellular work?