Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are known to be a cause of cervical cancer. In most cases, HPV goes away on its own and does not cause any health problems. However, the worldwide HPV prevalence in cervical carcinomas is 99.7%. This indicates that HPV-negative carcinoma is extremely uncommon. In this case, HPV is which of the following? a. Neither necessary nor sufficient b. A necessary and sufficient cause c. None of the above d. A sufficient but not necessary cause e. A necessary but not sufficient cause
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are known to be a cause of cervical cancer. In most cases, HPV goes away on its own and does not cause any health problems. However, the worldwide HPV prevalence in cervical carcinomas is 99.7%. This indicates that HPV-negative carcinoma is extremely uncommon. In this case, HPV is which of the following? a. Neither necessary nor sufficient b. A necessary and sufficient cause c. None of the above d. A sufficient but not necessary cause e. A necessary but not sufficient cause
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Chapter45: Defenses Against Disease
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 2ITD
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Question 4 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are known to be a cause of cervical cancer. In most cases, HPV goes away on its own and does not cause any health problems. However, the worldwide HPV prevalence in cervical carcinomas is 99.7%. This indicates that HPV-negative carcinoma is extremely uncommon. In this case, HPV is which of the following?
a. Neither necessary nor sufficient
b. A necessary and sufficient cause
c. None of the above
d. A sufficient but not necessary cause
e. A necessary but not sufficient cause
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