Identify three major functions of roots. 2. Describe two types of specialized stems. What is each type of stem specialized for? 3. Discuss the main parts of an angiosperm leaf.
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1. Identify three major functions of roots.
2. Describe two types of specialized stems. What is each type of stem specialized for?
3. Discuss the main parts of an
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- 1. Identify three major functions of roots.2. Describe two types of specialized stems. What is each type of stem specialized for?1. Compare the cells found on the different regions of the root. 2. Where do branch roots originate? 3. What is the significance of the pericycle? 4. How would you differentiate a monocot root from a dicot root? 5. Why are monocot roots slender and diffuse in appearance? 6. How do endodermal cells differ from other types of cells?I. Look for representative specimens of herbaceous dicot and monocot stem. The external parts that can be observed are nodes, internodes, leaf scar, lenticel, and buds (axillary and terminal). Examine and compare their external morphology by answering the questions below: 1.. What is the function of the lenticels? Do all stems have lenticels? 2. How can you differentiate a monocot plant from a dicot plant just by looking at the stem? 3. What advantage would herbaceous stems have over woody stems? 4. What advantage would woody stems have over herbaceous stems? II. Compare the internal anatomy of stems of xerophytes, mesophytes, and hydrophytes. Relate differences to the nature/habit of the different plants.
- 1. What is the meaning of the word “adventitious” in the context of plant roots? What do you think is the practical importance or contribution of the ability of plants to form adventitious roots to plant propagation? 2. Write down your understanding of how these terms are related: “sporophyte axis”; “stem” and “shoot”. Do bryophytes and seedless vascular plants have “stems”? 3. Buds are often the overlooked parts of stems in Botany classes. What is a bud? What specific structure/s is/are inside a bud, and what is their connection with the function of buds for the plant?1. What is the specialized root with asymmetrical secondary thickenings and greater fiber tissues?2. Which part of the orchid root epidermis that functions for gas exchange when the root is saturated with moisture?3. This type of specialized roots is characterized by contorted xylary elements and collapsed cortex: ______________1. Why is that the wall of epidermis in the root area have no cuticle and have thin walls? 2. What is the importance of the ability of a plant to form adventitious roots? Relate this to the plant’s characteristic of being an immobile organism.
- 1. Explain the process of seed development in a typical angiosperm plant. 2. Describe the two -stage life cycle of plants: the gametophyte stage and the sporophyte stage. 3. A cross section through the blade of a typical dicot leaf reveals distinct tissue layers. What are these? Differentiate briefly each layer.1. Illustrate and describe the four whorls of a flower, and make sure that your illustration is properly labeled. 2. Differentiate perfect and imperfect flowers and provide illustrations of the two. Make sure that your illustrations are properly labelled. 3. Explain the major functions of lenticels in stem. You may provide an example of plant with lenticels to support your discussion.Provide three differences between the herbaceous monocot and herbaceous eudicot stems according to its vascular bundles. Thanks!
- 1. In the stem of Coleus, determine the structure that separates the nodes from each other. 2. In the stem of Zea mays, determine the structure that covers its nodes. Determine the meristem above the node that contributes significantly to growth in monocots.1. Where do branch roots originate? 2. How do endodermal cells differ from other types of cells? 3. What is the significance of the pericycle? 4. How many xylem rays do you find in your specimen?1. Examine the shoot system of a mature plant. Identify the shoot tip, nodes, internodes,leaves, and axillary buds. Note that axillary buds always occur above a leaf. Axillary buds giverise to branch shoots. Thus, branching in a shoot system is exogenous (of external origin).How does this compare to branching in a root system?2. Examine a longitudinal section through a Coleus stem tip. Identify the apical meristem, leafprimordia (developing leaf), bud primordia (developing axillary buds), nodes, and internodes.Beginning with the apical meristem, follow the development of shoot tissues. Identify protoderm, procambium, and ground meristem, pith, and cortex. A) You will not be able to identify any mature cells or tissues in this slide (keep in mind thesize of theshoot tip). What are the mature tissues that each of these primary meristems become?B) Can you find a node (where procambium diverges in to the leaf primordium)? These areasare also commonly called Aleaf gaps@. However, because…