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- Question 29 A gene that codes for a receptor for a growth factor is mutated. A normally functioning receptor binds with a growth factor and then sends a signal into the cell. However, the abnormal receptor sends a constant signal into the cell whether or not it binds with the growth factor. The gene that codes for the abnormal receptor is . an oncogene a tumor benign a tumor suppressor gene metastatic Question 30 BRCA1 and p53 are both examples of ________ suppressor genes, which normally act to prevent cell division. Question 31 Match the following mutation types with their description. Mutation that results in the creation of a stop codon [ Choose ] Silent mutation Nonsense nutation Missense mutation Frameshift mutation Mutation that encodes the same gene as the original gene [ Choose ] Silent mutation Nonsense nutation Missense mutation Frameshift mutation…QUESTION 19 A transgenic mouse was produced which lacks a protein that is required to assemble tight junctions in the epithelial cells of the skin. What is the most likely medical condition that these animals would have? A Water loss by uncontrolled evaporation from the skin B Reduced ability to heal from a wound C Increased wound size in response to an abrasion D Blistering of the skin due to lack of connection of the epithelium with the basement membraneQUESTION 5 Which of the following statements are correct about cellular karotypes and cancer (select all that apply)? A. Chromosomal translocation are only observed in hematopoietic cell tumors and not solid tumors B. Chromosomal translocations occur at similar similar frequencies in all tumor types C. Changes in chromosome number in cancer cells are often caused by mis-segregation o chromosomes during cell division D. Cancer cells alway have the same number of chromosomes as normal cells E. A cancer cell that has no observed chromosomal instability likely has extensive mutations and/or microsatellite instability
- QUESTION 33 Of the following cell types, which one would be most likely to exist in the G0 state? A. An epithelial cell in the intestine of a developing embryo B. A primary spermatocyte C. An intestinal epithelial cell line growing rapidly in a cell culture dish D. A differentiated intestinal epithelial cell in an adultQuestion 18 of 25 A classical experiment studying the fate determination of stem cells in the developing embryo uses the transplantation of somites from one organism to another. In such an experiment, a scientist transplanted somites 20, 21, and 22 from the right side of the neural tube from five-day-old developing quail embryos into chick embryos. The transplantation was performed in two orientations so that the order of the somites was sometimes reversed. Use the passage to answer the question. The quail somites transplanted in a conventional order were able to develop normally in the chick embryo. Which statement BEST explains this observation? A. The development of quail somites do not require signaling molecules. B. The development of chick somites do not require signaling molecules. C. Quail somites respond to chick signaling molecules. D. Chick somites respond to quail signaling molecules.QUESTION NO. 1 Cystic fibrosis is a frequent generic disease of Caucasians. The CF gene codes for a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) which functions as a cAMP-regulated chloride channel. The protein has two membrane-spanning domains, two domains that interact with ATP, and one regulatory domain. The most common defect is in the gene for one of the ATP binding domains. The result is a protein that does not fold correctly in the endoplasmic reticulum, is not properly glycosylated, and is nor transported to the cell surface. Rather, it is degraded in the cytosol within proteasomes. Drugs that foster chaperone interaction with the mutant protein are a potential therapeutic approach. Chaperones A. are always required to direct the folding of proteins. B. when bound to protein increase the rate of protein degradation. C. usually bind to strongly hydrophilic regions of unfolded proteins. D. sometimes maintain proteins in an…
- QUESTION 32 "The cell volume shrinks, cells lose cell-cell contact, the actin cytoskeleton is fragmented, the cell membrane forms blebs, chromatin is chopped into small pieces, and the cell is eventually phagocytosed" is a description of which of the following cell states? A. G0 B. Quiescence C. Mitosis D. Senescence E. ApoptosisQUESTION 49 Which of the following is not true/accurate with respect to p53? a. is a tumor-suppressor b. is a transcription factor that promotes transcription of inhibitors of the cell cycle c. is an oncogene d. is named for its molecular mass (in kiloDaltons)Question 12 One of the two genes known to be mutated in cases of Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (which is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern but known to affect males more often than females) is the calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S (CACNA1S). What is known about the gene is recorded here: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000081248;r=1:201039512-201112451 Please navigate to the link above and ensure that you click to reveal the transcript table. Then use the information in the table to answer the following question. PLEASE GIVE YOUR ANSWER AS A NUMBER ONLY, NO UNITS What is the size in base pairs of the CACNA1S transcript named CACNA1S-202? Answer: The size of the CACNA1S transcript named CACNA1S-202 is Blank ... base pairs.
- Question 14 One of the two genes known to be mutated in cases of Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (which is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern but known to affect males more often than females) is the calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S (CACNA1S). What is known about the gene is recorded here: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000081248;r=1:201039512-201112451 Please navigate to the link above. Use the left-hand menu to view the sequence for CACNA1S, and answer the following question. ANSWER ONLY IN UPPERCASE LETTERS, NO UNITS. What are the last six nucleic acid bases of exon 1? Answer: The last six nucleic acid bases of CACNA1S, exon 1 are Blank ...Question 60 What are oncogenes? specific to males mutated variants of genes that code for cell division tumor suppressor genes genes that code for proteins which stop the cell cycle Question 61 Homologous chromosomes undergo recombination during prophase II. metaphase I. metaphase II. both prophase I and II. prophase I. Question 62 List three alterations that occur before mRNA leaves the nucleus for translation. Question 63 Webbing of digits (fingers) in humans, or syndactyly, typically occurs during the sixth to eighth weeks of embryonic life. One of every 2000–2500 births have syndactyly, and it is more common among Caucasian males. Syndactyly is caused by the failure of what process? cell division mitosis cytokinesis apoptosis Question 64 Arrange the following structures in order from smallest to largest? Gene, chromosome, genome, nucleotide Question 65 Which of the following is FALSE about telomeres? telomeres are repeats of a specific DNA sequence telomeres shorten…QUESTION 28 Which of the following is the primary method by which cyclin proteins are regulated to influence entry into the cell cycle or transition from one stage to the next? A. Transcriptional upregulation and translation followed by targeted ubiquitin-mediated degradation by a proteasome. B. Phosphorylation to regulate the activity of the kinase site. C. An activating phosphorylation and an inactivating phosphorylation. D. All of these are mechanisms that can be used to regulate cyclins.