If sodium and potassium ions are both positively charged, what causes the negative membrane potential in a resting neuron?

Q: Describe the propagation of an action potential. Contrast this eventin myelinated and unmyelinated…

A: An action potential is produced in the body of the neuron and spread through its axon.  The action…

Q: What is the difference between an excitatory postsynaptic potential and an inhibitory postsynaptic…

A: Postsynaptic potentials are changes within the membrane potential of the postsynaptic terminal of a…

Q: What is a depolarizing graded potential?

A: In depolarization, certain physiological changes happen inside the cell, during which, a shifting of…

Q: In the central nervous system there may be many synaptic inputs on a postsynaptic neurons.  How does…

A: A single axon will have multiple branches, permitting it to create synapses on varied postsynaptic…

Q: Explain why a single action potential reaching a synapse is unlikely to trigger an action potential…

A: A rapid or large changes in membrane potential of nerve cells during which the potential actually…

Q: Which of these would affect an electrical synapse?

A: Synapses are gaps that separate the terminal buttons of one neuron from receptors of another neuron.…

Q: What is one reason why most neurons are amiotic?

A: Neurons or nerve cells are cells within the nervous system that transmit information to other nerve…

Q: Explain how a neuron “decides” whether or not to generate action potentials.

A: When an immediate, really quick, mobile and transitory change occurs to the resting membrane…

Q: Unmyelinated axons conduct action potentials without decrement, but when myelinated axons lose…

A: The nervous system is one of the vital systems of a body. It is a system of nerves which carry…

Q: Explain how the resting membrane potential is established and maintained in neurons.

A: BASIC INFORMATION   NEURON   It is the longest cell inside the human body  It is found in the brain…

Q: Identify and describe the four functional neuron segments, including the distribution of channels…

A: While neurons share a ton practically speaking with different kinds of cells, they're basically and…

Q: ntinuously?

A: Given: Need to define how is a neuron prevented from firing potentials continuously

Q: What is an excitatory postsynaptic potential?

A: An Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)  is a temporary post synaptic membrane caused by the…

Q: How might the disease multiple sclerosis affect transmission of action potentials along a myelinated…

A: Sclerosis : It is the stiffening of a tissue or anatomical feature, usually caused by a replacement…

Q: What are the PNS neurones/ CNS efferent neurones split into?

A: Neurons can be defined as the form of a cell that plays the role in transmitting the information in…

Q: Define each of the following and explain its importance to neuronal function: dendrites, soma, axon,…

A: The nervous system is the part of the body of an animal that coordinates its actions and transmits…

Q: How do depolarization and repolarization occur in the conductive segment of a neuron?

A: When the electrical potential difference surrounding the plasma membrane of neuron caused action…

Q: In the resting state, before or long after an action potential occurs, the activation gates of…

A: Voltage-gated Na+ channels have three main conformational states: closed, open and inactivated.…

Q: How does the resting membrane potential of a neuron develop?

A: Resting membrane potential of a neuron is around -65 mV. This means that the inside of the cell is…

Q: What would happen if summation of graded potentials in a neuron did not occur?

A: Neurons are the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system. The nervous stimulus…

Q: Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a solution similar toextracellular fluid and later…

A: A neuron's resting membrane potential is around -70 mV (mV = millivolt)thismeans the neuron's inside…

Q: Why is the cell unable to initiate another action potential if stimulated during the refractory…

A: The time between two consecutive action potentials is called refractory period. Action potential…

Q: Define the Membrane potential of an inactiveneuron ?

A: A resting (non-signaling) neuron contains a voltage across its membrane known as the resting…

Q: Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials cause what type of change at the post-synaptic membrane?

A: Excitatory  Neuron excites their target post synaptic neurones  or target cells causing it to…

Q: If postsynaptic membrane permeability is increased, is theneuron more easily stimulated or less…

A: The permeability of a cell refers to the transportation of ions that occurs through the cell…

Q: How do ion channels and sodium-potassium pumps contribute to the resting potential?

A: Ion channels are pore forming membrane proteins that allow ion to pass through the channel pore.…

Q: Describe how different post-synaptic potentials can be summated on a single neuron to determine if…

A: Synapse is a junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron to another neuron or an…

Q: Contrast continuous conduction with saltatory conduction.

A: Nerve impluse if conducted in two ways- 1. Propagation along an unmyelinated axon is referred to as…

Q: How can an EPSPs ability to stimulate action potential be enhanced?

A: The neuron is a specialized cell that is capable of generating an action potential on the cell…

Q: What will happen in an axon undergoing an action potential but which is unable to utilize…

A: The action potential of a neuron causes the depolarization of its membrane. The resting potential of…

Q: Identify the four different types of neuronal pools, and explain how they function.

A: The nervous system is a complex system of nerves and specialised cells known as neurons. The nervous…

Q: Distinguish between convergence and divergence in a neuronal pool.

A: The term neuronal pool refers to the group of nerve cells that receive and transmit information via…

Q: Describe the events of an action potential in terms of ions and gates or channels beginning with the…

A: ACTION POTENTIAL is electrical impulse required to bring about the response to a stimulus.  For the…

Q: How does an action potential differ from a local potential?How do depolarizing and hyperpolarizing…

A: Nerve cells conduct electrical impulses to bring out a certain biochemical reaction. When a sudden…

Q: describe the events of neuron depolarization and repolarization

A: The action potential is referred to as the process in which there occurs variation within the…

Q: What are the two main factors that influence the conduction speed of an action potential along an…

A: An action potential occurs when a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body.…

Q: the potassium leak channels were suddenly blocked in a resting neuron, what would happen to its…

A: Normally the neuron has  - 70millivolt resting membrane potential that means the interior of neuron…

Q: How a voltage (potential difference) is created across the cell membrane of a neuron in its resting…

A: The resting potential of a neuron is controlled by the difference in the charge inside and outside…

Q: In a resting neuron, there are more ions inside the cell and more ions outside the cell. sodium;…

A: Introduction :- The voltage across a cell membrane during the resting stage is known as the resting…

Q: One EPSP from neuron A depolarizes the initial segment of a neuron by +2 mV, one EPSP from neuron B…

A: 4) Mechanism of nerve conduction : • The action potential in pre synaptic neuron reaches its…

Q: Differentiate between excitatory postsynaptic potential EPSP and inhibitory postsynaptic potential…

A: The postsynaptic mechanism is referred to as the transportation and conduction of impulses in the…

Q: . Neurons use vast amounts of energy to maintain the [Select ] a. ["polarization", b."resting…

A: The basic functional unit of the nervous system is neurons, It is a specialized cell that conducts…

Q: What might prevent an EPSP from stimulating action potentials?

A: An excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is the potential of postsynaptic neuron to create an…

Q: Why does amplitude decrease in a train of action potential

A: Nerves transmit impulses to and from the central nervous system. Twelve pairs of cranial nerves…

Q: As the membrane reaches the peak of the action potential, what brings the membrane down to the…

A: When the resting neuron receives a stimulus that is beyond the threshold, It reaches the peak of…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.