In the 18th century, Carl Linnaeus published a system for classifying living things, which has been developed into the modern classification system. Recently the classification system of life was changed to include not five but six kingdoms, as well as three domains. Earlier classification attempts were based mostly on structural features. Classification of many species, old and new, continues to be hotly disputed as scientists find new information or interpret facts in new ways. Now, DNA technology has allowed scientists to re-examine the relationships between organisms to refine the classification system. The Kingdom Monera in the old classification system included all bacteria. What two kingdoms now encompass prokaryotic organisms?

In the 18th century, Carl Linnaeus published a system for classifying living things, which has been developed into the modern classification system. Recently the classification system of life was changed to include not five but six kingdoms, as well as three domains. Earlier classification attempts were based mostly on structural features. Classification of many species, old and new, continues to be hotly disputed as scientists find new information or interpret facts in new ways. Now, DNA technology has allowed scientists to re-examine the relationships between organisms to refine the classification system. The Kingdom Monera in the old classification system included all bacteria. What two kingdoms now encompass prokaryotic organisms?

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter23: Principles Of Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SQ

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A scientist is attempting to a cladogram that shows the evolutionary closeness of three organisms in relation to humansAfter doing DNA analysis, they that the organisms share the following percentages of DNA Organism A and humans share 85% of their DNA Organismn and humans share 80% of their DNA Organism and humans share 90% of their DNA Based on informationwhich order should they go on the cladogram ( related to most related ?
The “kingdom” concept is considered out-of-date but most continue to use it in a revised manner. What are the traditional Linnaean taxonomic categories: Kingdom, phylum, ____________, ___________, ____________, _______________, species. When the traditional Linnaean taxonomic categories are not used, people can say “clade” or “taxon” for any genetic group.
The science of naming and classifying organisms is called______________. The related science of reconstructing anddepicting evolutionary history is called ______________.A group consisting of all organisms descended from aparticular common ancestor is a(n) ______________.
For novice biologists, taxonomy and phylogenetics are difficult concepts to understand and keep separate. This confusion is made worse because modern taxonomic methods make use of molecular tools. Write an essay that contrasts taxonomy to phylogenetics and explain how both disciplines are important to our understanding of species and evolution. Your essay should include a description of taxonomy and phylogenetics, as well as a detailed explanation about how information is represented in a phylogenetic tree or a cladogram.
With improving technology, acquiring DNAsequences from different organisms becomeseasier each year. With that in mind, some authors(e.g., Scotland et al. 2003, Systematic Biology52 [4]: 539–548) have suggested that the use ofmorphological data is less important than DNAsequence data and have called for less emphasison the use of comparative morphology in building phylogenies. Other authors maintain thatdespite the explosion of molecular data available, morphology still has an important role inphylogenetics (for examples, see Wiens 2004,Systematic Biology 53 [4]: 653–661 and Will andRubinoff 2004, Cladistics 20 [1]: 47–55). Whatare the reasons for and against using morphological data in phylogenetic reconstruction?When might morphological data be especiallyimportant?
Structures shared by species because of descent from a common ancestor is referred to as... Group of answer choices homology cladistics analogy homoplasy taxonomy
direction: Number the seven major taxonomic groups in order from the one containing the largest number of types of organisms to the one that containing only one. Class______ Order_____ Family_____ Phylum____ Genus______ Species_____ Kingdom______ 2.Members of the same _________can mate and produce fertile offspring. 3. Taxonomists use a two-part naming system to identify an organism. The scientific name of an organism is the______ and_______ of the organism. 4. This system of naming is called_______ 5. A group of related species are in the same._______ 6. A group of related families are in the same_______ 7. A group of related phyla are in the same._______
A phylogenetic tree is different from a cladogram in that ... Group of answer choices A: it shows that all species are not related to a common ancestor, but each has a distinct archetype. B: it represents the time scale of evolution, including where extinct species fit in. C: it uses an outgroup to compare a small group of species that exhibit similar traits D: it is not based on genetic or morphological evidence.
A cladogram or phylogenetic tree is used to classify organisms into groups based on their shared characteristics, where each node or branching point is known as _________________. Group of answer choices A. Common ancestry B. New species C. Reproductive isolation D. New characteristic E. None of the answers are correct
At the end of the 19th century, taxonomists adopted the goal of developing a natural system of classification. In a natural system, which kinds of organisms are classified together?
Originally, the main task of taxonomists was to discover new species and give them unique names. In a natural system of classification, they must also figure out the evolutionary relationships of the species they discover. Which do you think is more difficult: the original task or the modern one? Describe some of the reasons why it is more difficult.
Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common ancestor T, asdo extinct species U and V. A grouping that consists of speciesT, X, Y, and Z (but not U or V) makes up(A) a monophyletic taxon.(B) an ingroup, with species U as the outgroup.(C) a paraphyletic group.(D) a polyphyletic group.