In this exercise, we examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies: IF ID EX MEM WB 270 ps 150 ps 240 ps 290 ps 180 ps   Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: alu beq lw sw 40% 15% 35% 10%   3.0.1       What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? 3.0.2       Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory? 3.0.3      Instead of a single-cycle organization, we can use a multi-cycle organization where each instruction takes multiple cycles but one instruction finishes before another instruction is fetched. In this organization, an instruction only goes through stages it actually needs (e.g. ST only takes 4 cycles because it does not need the WB stage). Compare clock cycle times and execution times with single cycle, multi-cycle, and pipelined organization.

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
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Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
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Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
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In this exercise, we examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies:

IF

ID

EX

MEM

WB

270 ps

150 ps

240 ps

290 ps

180 ps

 

Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows:

alu

beq

lw

sw

40%

15%

35%

10%

 

3.0.1       What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor?

3.0.2       Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory?

3.0.3      Instead of a single-cycle organization, we can use a multi-cycle organization where each instruction takes multiple cycles but one instruction finishes before another instruction is fetched. In this organization, an instruction only goes through stages it actually needs (e.g. ST only takes 4 cycles because it does not need the WB stage). Compare clock cycle times and execution times with single cycle, multi-cycle, and pipelined organization.

M
Ex.
4
U PC Address
Add
Instruction
memory
IF/D
Instruction
Read
register 1
Read
register 2
Registers
Write
register
Write
data
RegWrite
Instruction
(15-0)
Instruction
(20-16)
Instruction
(15-11)
16
Read
data 1
Read
data 2
Sign-
extend
32
ID/EX
Shift
left 2
ALUSIC
0
AddAdd
result
RegDst
M
ALU
control
0 ALUOP
M
U
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Zero
Add ALU
result
EX/MEM
Branch
Address
Write
data
PCSrc
MemWrite
Data
memory
MemRead
Read
data
MEM/WB
MemtoReg
IMUNO
Transcribed Image Text:M Ex. 4 U PC Address Add Instruction memory IF/D Instruction Read register 1 Read register 2 Registers Write register Write data RegWrite Instruction (15-0) Instruction (20-16) Instruction (15-11) 16 Read data 1 Read data 2 Sign- extend 32 ID/EX Shift left 2 ALUSIC 0 AddAdd result RegDst M ALU control 0 ALUOP M U Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved Zero Add ALU result EX/MEM Branch Address Write data PCSrc MemWrite Data memory MemRead Read data MEM/WB MemtoReg IMUNO
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