It is assumed that the Cost of equity and rate of return are both constant under Walter's Model of Dividend Relevance, if the cost of equity is higher than the rate of return, it is optimal that *
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- It is assumed that the Cost of equity and rate of return are both constant under Walter’s Model of Dividend Relevance, if the cost of equity is higher than the rate of return, it is optimal that a. All the earnings for the period shall be distributed to shareholders b. No dividend to be given to shareholders c. The firm is indifferent as to distribute dividends or to reinvest the income d. None of the choices is correct.If you were to argue that the firm's cost of equity, rs, increases as the dividend payout decreases, you would be making an argument ____ with MM's dividend irrelevance theory, and ____ with the theory that investors prefer dividends received in the current period rather than capital gains received in the future. Group of answer choices inconsistent; inconsistent consistent; inconsistent inconsistent; consistent consistent; consistent The argument above does not make sense; neither theory involves the cost of equity capital.Which of the following statements is correct? A. The optimal dividend policy is the one that satisfies management, not shareholders. B. The use of debt financing has no effect on earnings per share (EPS) or stock price. C. Stock price is dependent on the projected EPS and the use of debt, but not on the timing of the earnings stream. D. The riskiness of projected EPS can impact the firm's value. E. Dlvidend policy is one aspect of the firm's financial policy that is determined solely by the shareholders. Reset Selection
- If the Modigliani and Miller hypothesis about dividends is correct, and if one found a group of companies which differed only with respect to dividend policy, which of the following statements would be most correct? Group of answer choices None of these statements is true. All of these statements are true. The total expected return, which in equilibrium is also equal to the required return, would be higher for those companies with lower payout ratios because of the greater risk associated with capital gains versus dividends. If the expected total return of each of the sample companies were divided into a dividend yield and a growth rate, and then a scatter diagram (or regression) analysis were undertaken, then the slope of the regression line (or b in the equation D1/P0 = a + b(g)) would be equal to +1.0. The residual dividend model should not be used, because it is inconsistent with the MM dividend hypothesis.Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If the statementis false, explain why.f. If a firm follows a residual dividend policy then, holding all else constant, its dividend payout will tend to rise whenever the firm’s investment opportunities improve.Choose the correct. Which of the following is not included in the assumption on which Myron Gorden proposed a model on Stock valuation: A. Retained earning the only source of financing B. Finite Life of the firm C. Taxes do not exist D. Constant rate of return on firms investment.
- Which one of the followings is incorrect regarding to cost of equity: On average, it is higher than cost of debt. It moves in the same direction with tax rates. It is affected by return on market portfolio. For a dividend paying company, it is sensitive to growth expectations for future dividends. It is highly dependent on risk level of the firm and growth rate. For calculating cost of equity, we can rely on dividend growth model or SML approach. Both models might suffer from the assumption that past is a good predictor of future. True False Percy's Wholesale Supply has earnings before interest and taxes of €106,000. Both the book and the market value of debt is €170,000. The unlevered cost of equity is 15.5 per cent while the pre-tax cost of debt is 8.6 per cent. The tax rate is 28 per cent. What is the firm's weighted average cost of capital? Show your steps.Modigliani and Miller (MM), on the one hand, and Gordon and Lintner (GL), on the otherhand, have expressed strong views regarding the effect of dividend policy on a firm’s costof capital and value.a. In essence, what are MM’s and GL’s views regarding the effect of dividend policy onthe cost of capital and stock prices?b. How could MM use the information content, or signaling, hypothesis to counter theiropponents’ arguments? If you were debating MM, how would you counter them?c. How could MM use the clientele effect concept to counter their opponents’ arguments?If you were debating MM, how would you counter them?One position expressed in the financial literature is that firms set their dividends as aresidual after using income to support new investment.a. Explain what a residual dividend policy implies, illustrating your answer with a tableshowing how different investment opportunities can lead to different dividend payoutratios.b. Think back to Chapter 14 where we considered the relationship between capital structureand the cost of capital. If the WACC-versus-debt-ratio plot was shaped like a sharp V,would this have a different implication for the importance of setting dividends accordingto the residual policy than if the plot was shaped like a shallow bowl (a flattened U)?
- which one is correct please confirm? QUESTION 21 Finance researcher Myron Gordon argues that ____. a. the clientele effect has no influence on share value b. the existence of transaction costs has no impact on the dividend decision c. dividends reduce uncertainty, and thus the payment of dividends will increase the firm's value d. risk-averse shareholders may prefer some dividends over the promise of future capital gains if the interest rate is expected to declineDividend changes may be used by management as a credible communication tool to signal investors about future earnings under which of the following dividend policy theories? Select one: a. the clientele effect b. the expectations theory c. the residual dividend theory d. the information effect Question 19 In perfect capital markets there Select one: a. are no income taxes. b. are no flotation costs. c. All of these.Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If the statementis false, explain why.e. A company that has established a clientele of investors who prefer largedividends is unlikely to adopt a residual dividend policy.