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- Contraindications to estrogen therapy in menopause embrace the following, except:A. OsteoporosisB. Estrogen-dependent tumorsC. Acute liver diseaseD. Thromboembolic diseaseE. Severe hypertensionGive reason for the following :(a) The first half of the menstrual cycle is called follicular phase as well as proliferative phase.(b) The second half of the menstrual cycle is called luteal phase as well as secretory phase.Sertoli cells produce androgen binding protein. The purpose of this androgen binding protein is to : (select one) a. Transport testosterone to the developing germ cells b. Increase the clearance rate of testosterone c. Prevent the germs cells being exposed to toxic concentrations of testosterone d. Manufacture androgens e. Transport testosterone to the capillaries
- In positive mechanism, which of the following will happen if there is an increase production of estrogen in day 12 to 14 of the menstrual cycle? a/The level of released hormones cannot be determined b.There is a decrease release of estrogen in the ovaries c.There is an increase release of estrogen in the ovaries d.There is constant level of estrogen in the ovarieMenopause is characterized primarily bya. primary ovarian failure.b. loss of estrogen secretion from the ovary due to a decrease in LH.c. loss of estrogen secretion from the ovary due to a decrease in FSH.d. a decrease in FSH and LH due to increased inhibin.e. a decrease in FSH and LH due to a decrease in GnRH pulses.Which of these is not true about the physiologic effects of estrogen? Group of answer choices Raising of uterine threshold to contractile stimuli Stimulation of prolactin secretion Blocking the action of prolactin on the breast Decreasing LDL cholesterol Anti-osteoporosis
- In general, the greatest vulnerability to teratogens occurs during: Group of answer choices the last part of the fetal period of prenatal development. A the embryonic period of prenatal development. B the zygotic period of prenatal development. C the germinal period of prenatal development. DWhich of these factors reduces the release of GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) from the hypothalamus? a) Increase in testosterone b) Reduction of FSH c) Reduction of inhibin d) Reduction of LHMenopausea. develops when follicles become less responsive to FSH and LH.b. results from elevated estrogen levels in 40- to 50-year-old females.c. occurs because too many follicles develop during each cycle.d. results when follicles develop but contain no oocytes.e. occurs because FSH and LH levels decline.
- Under which of these conditions are you most likely to observe a depression in plasma prolactin levels? Group of answer choices a. Breastfeeding b. Increased stimulation of dopaminergic neurons of the hypothalamus c. Pregnancy d. Increased TRH secretionWhat statement is not correct relatively to the polycystic ovary syndrome?A. Alopecia is commonB. Polycystic ovary syndrome presents with elevated androgen levelsC. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome have amenorrheaD. Hirsutism is commonE. Obesity is often foundWhat is a potential consequence of embryonic exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds that can bind to estrogen receptors? Select one: a. Increased growth rate and early birth b. Decrease in size of developing testes c. Increased rate of ovulation d. Decreased sperm count e. Choices B and D are correct