Explain what is meant by ‘Multiple steps in signaling pathways allow for signal amplification.’ Figure 14-3 LabeledMultiple steps in signaling pathways allow forsignal amplification. Each step can be magnified(a) Signaling pathwayRECEPTIONBinding of epinephrine to G protein-linked receptorTRANSDUCTIONInactive G proteinInactive adenylyl cyclaseRESPONSEActive G proteinActive adenylyl cyclaseATP©2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Cyclic AMPInactive protein kinase AActive protein kinase AInactive phosphorylase kinaseActive phosphorylase kinaseInactive glycogen phosphorylaseGlycogen(b) Number ofmoleculesactivatedGlucose-1-phosphate1 molecule10² molecules10² molecules104 molecules104 moleculesActive glycogen phosphorylase 106 molecules105 molecules108 molecules35

A signaling pathway is a series of chemical reactions and interactions that occur within a cell in…

Multiple steps in signaling pathways allow for signal amplification. Each step can be magnified (a) Signaling pathway RECEPTION Binding of epinephrine to G protein-linked receptor TRANSDUCTION Inactive G protein Inactive adenylyl cyclase RESPONSE Active G protein 3012 Bearson Education Active adenylyl cyclase ATP Cyclic AMP Inactive protein kinase A Active protein kinase A Inactive phosphorylase kinase Active phosphorylase kinase Inactive glycogen phosphorylase (b) Number of molecules activated Glycogen 1 molecule 10² molecules 10² molecules 104 molecules 104 molecules 105 molecules Active glycogen phosphorylase 106 molecules Glucose-1-phosphate 108 molecules 3

Multiple steps in signaling pathways allow for signal amplification. Each step can be magnified (a) Signaling pathway RECEPTION Binding of epinephrine to G protein-linked receptor TRANSDUCTION Inactive G protein Inactive adenylyl cyclase RESPONSE Active G protein 3012 Bearson Education Active adenylyl cyclase ATP Cyclic AMP Inactive protein kinase A Active protein kinase A Inactive phosphorylase kinase Active phosphorylase kinase Inactive glycogen phosphorylase (b) Number of molecules activated Glycogen 1 molecule 10² molecules 10² molecules 104 molecules 104 molecules 105 molecules Active glycogen phosphorylase 106 molecules Glucose-1-phosphate 108 molecules 3

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter9: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12RQ: Histamine binds to the H1 G-protein-linked receptor to initiate the itchiness and airway...

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