n 2008, the total solid waste (SW) produced in US is 249.61 million tons (note: metric ton). The SW may be divided into 11 sorts, as shown below. For any particular SW type, Column 1 represents the fraction of the SW type in the total SW, Column 2 shows how many percent of the type of SW was recycled/recovered, Column 3 represents how many percent of the type of SW was combusted, and Column 4 shows the density of the type of SW. The volume of waste residue after combustion was negligible. 1) Usually, SW was compacted by some special equipment before landfilling. Also, because of the gravity from the other SW and cover material that was
In 2008, the total solid waste (SW) produced in US is 249.61 million tons (note: metric ton). The SW may be divided into 11 sorts, as shown below. For any particular SW type, Column 1 represents the fraction of the SW type in the total SW, Column 2 shows how many percent of the type of SW was recycled/recovered, Column 3 represents how many percent of the type of SW was combusted, and Column 4 shows the density of the type of SW. The volume of waste residue after combustion was negligible.
1) Usually, SW was compacted by some special equipment before landfilling. Also, because of the gravity from the other SW and cover material that was located above, the SW in a landfill was compressed, more or less. As a result, the volume of SW was decreased. Different sorts of SW exhibit different volume reduction behaviors. Column 5 is compact ratio, indicating the volume reduction. Compaction ratio = Volume before compaction/Volume after compaction. Please compute total volume and the average of density of the COMPACTED SW that was landfilled.
2) How many percent of the volume of the landfilled SW was reduced after compaction?
|
SW types |
Mass distribution |
Recovered (%) |
Combusted (assumed) (%) |
Density (kg/m3) |
Compact ratio (assumed) |
|
1x |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
|
Paper/paperboard |
31.0% |
55.5% |
15% |
90 |
3 |
|
Glass |
4.9% |
23.1% |
0.00 |
194 |
2 |
|
Ferrous metals |
7.6% |
31.4% |
0.00 |
320 |
1.5 |
|
Non-ferrous metals |
0.7% |
68.8% |
0.00 |
160 |
1.5 |
|
Plastics |
12.0% |
7.1% |
15% |
64 |
1.5 |
|
Rubber and leather |
3.0% |
14.3% |
15% |
150 |
4 |
|
Textiles |
5.0% |
15.3% |
15% |
64 |
5 |
|
Wood |
6.6% |
9.6% |
15% |
240 |
7 |
|
Food |
12.7% |
2.5% |
15% |
288 |
15 |
|
Yard trimming |
13.2% |
64.7% |
15% |
104 |
7 |
|
Others |
3.3% |
13.9% |
0.00 |
150 |
5 |
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