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- Suppose that over the next year, one of three things could happen to a company's credit rating. It could remain investment grade, drop to non-investment grade or default. The value of a credit derivative that pays $100 in 1-year if the company's credit rating remain investment grade is $93. The value of a credit derivative that pays $200 in 1-year if the company's credit rating drops to non-investment grade is $7. The value of a credit derivative that pays $300 in 1-year if the company defaults is $6. Calculate the risk-free rate and the risk-neutral probability of default. (answers to 4 decimal places)You are an investor in the world where short-selling assets is prohibited. Suppose that the price of asset X in period 0 is $200. This asset will pay a dividend of $8 one year from now in period 1. Let the riskless interest rate from 0 to period q be 5%.Assume the price for a future contract delivery in period 1 is $210. a) Can you make an arbitrage profit when $210 is the price? If so, state specifically what financial transaction? b) Now, assume the price for a futures contract with delivery in period 1 is K190. Can you make an arbitrage profit when this is the price? If so, state specifically what financial transaction you would make in 0 and period 1 to realize a profit. If not, explain?Assume you have the following asset and liability in your Balance Sheet: Asset - Bond A Modified Duration = 2.6 years Value = RM1.5 million Liability - Bond B Modified Duration = 3.1 years Value = RM1.0 million a. Calculate the duration gap. b. What is the expected change in Net Worth if interest increases by 1%? c. What should or could you to achieve immunised balance sheet? Note: Please show all workings.
- d. If you hold the bonds for one year, and interest rates do not change, what total rate of return will you earn, assuming that you pay the market price? Why is this different from the current yield and YTM?Suppose we observe the following rates: 1R1= 0.75%, 1R2=1.20%, E(2r1)=0.907%. If the liquidity premium theory of the term structure of interest rates holds, what is the liquidity premium for year 2, L2?Suppose there is a large probability that L will default on its debt. For the purpose of this example, assume that the value of Ls operations is 4 million (the value of its debt plus equity). Assume also that its debt consists of 1-year, zero coupon bonds with a face value of 2 million. Finally, assume that Ls volatility, , is 0.60 and that the risk-free rate rRF is 6%.
- Assume investors are indifferent among security maturities. Today, the annualized 2-year interest rate is 2.20 percent, and the 1-year interest rate is 2 percent. What is the forward rate according to the pure expectations theory? Group of answer choices 2.25% 2.20% 2.00% 2.40%The following data are gathered for:· The real risk-free rate is 1.25%· Inflation premium is constant at 2.50%· Default risk premium is 5%· Liquidity risk premium is 0.50% What is the quoted rate on a short-term government security?Consider the following balance sheet (in millions) for an FI: Assets Liabilities Duration = 10 years $950 Duration = 2 years $860 Equity $90 What is the FI's duration gap, and FI's interest rate risk exposure ? How can the FI use futures and forward contracts to put on a macrohedge? What is the impact on the FI's equity value if the relative change in interest rates is an increase of 1 percent? That is, DR/(1+R) = 0.01. Suppose that the FI in part (c) macrohedges using Treasury bond futures that are currently priced at 96. What is the impact on the FI's futures position if the relative change in all interest rates is an increase of 1 percent? That is, DR/(1+R) = 0.01. Assume that the deliverable Treasury bond has a duration of nine years. If the FI wants to macrohedge, how many Treasury bond futures contracts does it need?
- An Overview of Financial Management and the Financial Environment Differentiate between the following types of markets: physical asset vs. financial markets, spot vs. futures markets, money vs. capital markets, primary vs. secondary markets, and public vs. private markets the real risk free rate of interest is 3%. Inflation is expected to be 2% this year and 4% during the next 2 years. Assume that the maturity risk premium (MRP) is zero. What is the yield on a 2 year Treasury security? What is the yield on 3 year Treasury securities? If Apple Computer decided to issue additional common stock, and someone purchased 100 shares of this stock from Merrill Lynch, the underwriter, would this transaction be a primary market transaction or a secondary market transaction? Would it make a difference if the investor purchased previously outstanding Apple stock in the dealer market?Assume that the real risk-free rate is 1% and that the maturity risk premium is zero. If a 1-year Treasury bond yield is 6% and a 2-year Treasury bond yields 7%, what is the 1-year interest rate that is expected for Year 2? Calculate this yield using a geometric average. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. What inflation rate is expected during Year 2? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.Q1-11 Suppose that a speculator notes that the current 3-month forward rate on the euro is $1.26 and the speculator expects that, in 3 months, the euro will have a value of $1.30. In this situation, the speculator would _______ euros on the forward market, and this activity ______ for the speculator. a. buy / involves risk b. buy / involves no possible risk c. sell / involves risk d. sell / involves no possible risk