Oil and gas well pressures—M. A pressure gauge at the top of an oil well 18,000 ft deep registers 2,000 psig. The bottom 4,000-ft portion of the well is filled with oil (s = 0.70). The remainder of the well is filled with natural gas (T = 60 °F, compressibility factor Z = 0.80, and s = 0.65, meaning that the molecular weight is 0.65 times that of air). Calculate the pressure (psig) at (a) the oil/gas interface, and (b) the bottom of the well.

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Basic Chemical Calculations (Process and Variables)

A basic chemical calculation involves the application of the law of chemical proportions to various reactions and material and energy balance calculations on various chemical processes. Basic chemical calculation helps students analyze various chemical processes and develop problem-solving skills. The chemical manufacturing processes are divided into unit operations involving physical changes of material and unit processes involving the chemical transformation of materials. For instance, fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer are unit operations, and oxidation, reduction, and pyrolysis are unit processes.