Once an EPSP is produced in a dendrite, how does it stimulate the production of an action potential at the axon hillock?

Q: If a pre-synaptic cell releases a large amount of excitatory neurotransmitter into the synaptic…

A: Neurons are excitable cells that are specialized to carry electrical signals, often across long…

Q: Describe the propagation of an action potential. Contrast this eventin myelinated and unmyelinated…

A: An action potential is produced in the body of the neuron and spread through its axon.  The action…

Q: Why are impulses transmitted more quickly down a myelinated axon than down an unmyelinated axon?

A: A neuron with myelin sheath can conduct impulse faster than the neurons which are without the myelin…

Q: What guarantees that there are unidirectional action potentials? Choice A threshold  B.…

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: For a second action potential to be fired an ......threshold must be reached......... the absolute…

A: An “action potential” occurs when the neuron is sending down an axon. It is an “explosion of…

Q: Unmyelinated axons conduct action potentials without decrement, but when myelinated axons lose…

A: The nervous system is one of the vital systems of a body. It is a system of nerves which carry…

Q: Explain how action potentials are conducted by an unmyelinated axon.

A: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system that carry electrical stimuli throughout the body.…

Q: . “Facilitation in a neuronal pool” refers to .

A: "Facilitation in a neuronal pool" refers to when the neurons of the neuronal pool are more excitable…

Q: How might the disease multiple sclerosis affect transmission of action potentials along a myelinated…

A: Sclerosis : It is the stiffening of a tissue or anatomical feature, usually caused by a replacement…

Q: Define each of the following and explain its importance to neuronal function: dendrites, soma, axon,…

A: The nervous system is the part of the body of an animal that coordinates its actions and transmits…

Q: What is the function of themyelin sheath? Do all axonspresent a myelin sheath?

A: The insulating covering around the nerve cell is termed as the myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is…

Q: Describe how action potentials are conducted by unmyelinated nerve fibers. Why is saltatory…

A: Introduction :- Conductability is the capacity to conduct the electrical along it's pathway. The…

Q: What is the conduction velocity of the action potentil in a myelinated axon of the nerve cell?

A: The conduction velocity is the speed in which electrochemical impulse propagates down a neural…

Q: f the absolute refractory period of a neuron is 0.7 milliseconds, what is the maximum frequency of…

A: The trick used by the nervous system is that the intensity of the stimulus is encoded into the…

Q: What happens at the nodes of Ranvier in a myelinated axon?

A: Introduction: Myelinated axons have microscopic gaps within them called nodes of Ranvier. These gaps…

Q: Why is the cell unable to initiate another action potential if stimulated during the refractory…

A: The time between two consecutive action potentials is called refractory period. Action potential…

Q: If the plasma membrane of an electrically excitable cellwere depolarized to threshold in the center…

A: An action potential is defined as a swift increase that is followed by a drop in the voltage or…

Q: Explain the all-or-none law of action potentials, and describe the effect of increased stimulus…

A: In reaction to stimuli, the axon membrane permeability to and depends on the opening of gated…

Q: Suppose researchers find that axon A can produce up to 1,000 action potentials per second (at least…

A: The nervous system of an organism is quite complex network that is responsible for coordinating…

Q: Describe how following a threshold stimulus, a action potential is carried along an unmyelinated…

A: Myelination refers to the presence of a myelin sheath on the axons. Myelin sheath is composed of…

Q: Explain why a nerve impulse travels more quicklydown a myelinated axon than down an…

A: Neurons are electrically excitable cells and these communicate with other cells through specialized…

Q: If the middle of an axon were depolarized to threshold, in which direction could the action…

A: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. They are involved in the transmission of nerve…

Q: The absolute refractory period of an action potential A. only ensures one-way travel down an axon.…

A: In neurology, action potential is defined as the rapid rise and gradual of membrane potential across…

Q: How can an EPSPs ability to stimulate action potential be enhanced?

A: The neuron is a specialized cell that is capable of generating an action potential on the cell…

Q: Why are chemically- sensitive gated channels associated with receptors at the synapse and…

A: The potential gradient that helps the movement of the ions is known as Membrane Potential. Membrane…

Q: If an axon ([Na+]in = 200 mM) is bathed in solution consisting of [Na+]out = 10 mM, will there be an…

A: Action potentials are nothing but the electrical impulses that transmit signals around the body.…

Q: Suppose you depolarize an axon midway between its initial segment and its terminus. А. In which…

A: Depolarisation of axon:  This occurs when the Sodium ions rapidly rush inside the neuron via…

Q: If an axon receives two stimuli close together in time, only one AP occurs. Why?

A: An action potential is the electrical form of messages transmitted across the body via the nervous…

Q: How does an action potential differ from a local potential?How do depolarizing and hyperpolarizing…

A: Nerve cells conduct electrical impulses to bring out a certain biochemical reaction. When a sudden…

Q: Early in an action potential, the inside of the axon becomes less negatively charged relative to the…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: What are the two main factors that influence the conduction speed of an action potential along an…

A: An action potential occurs when a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body.…

Q: Briefly explain how a neuron at resting potential becomes activated.

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: the potassium leak channels were suddenly blocked in a resting neuron, what would happen to its…

A: Normally the neuron has  - 70millivolt resting membrane potential that means the interior of neuron…

Q: Describe how the two phases of repolarization reset the neuronal axon to be depolarized again

A: Repolarization is a phase of an activity potential where the cell experince an abatement of voltage…

Q: What is the difference in appearance and function between dendrites and axons??

A: Neurons are specialized cells that transmit and receive electrical signals in the body. Each neuron…

Q: In myelinated axons where are the most Na+ channels found?

A: Axon is the largest part of the neuron measuring up to 1meter in length. They carry the nerve…

Q: During the refractory period a) if a neuron reaches threshold the action potential goes to…

A: Neurons are the cells of the nervous system.

Q: How different are theconcepts of action potential,resting potential andexcitation…

A: Step 1 The nerve impulse is a wave of electrochemical disturbance that passes along the elements of…

Q: How is action potential propagated along the axons?

A: When a neuron's axon wants to send information along the body, it generates an action potential. It…

Q: Does the refractory period limit the number of action potentials that a nerve cell can produce per…

A: Introduction :- The interval after an action potential is created during which the excitable cell is…

Q: Differentiate between Myelinated and non-myelinated axons.

A: The axon functions to transmit messages to different body parts such as muscles, other neurons,…

Q: How does myelin aid propagation of an action potential along an axon? How do the nodes of Ranvier…

A: Action potential refers to a change in the membrane potential of the nerve cells by opening and…

Q: What might prevent an EPSP from stimulating action potentials?

A: An excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is the potential of postsynaptic neuron to create an…

Q: During the rising phase of an action potential, which which voltage gated channels are open?

A: Neurons communicate with one another by electric signals which are triggered by an action potential.…

Anatomy and Physiology of Special Sensory Organs

Sensory organs can be labeled as special sensory structures that permit sight, hearing, odor, and flavor. Sensory structures permitting proprioception, touch, thermal, and pain perception can be classified as more advanced sensory organs. The sensory neurons are trained to find out modifications in the external and internal conditions so that a person's body can react to that change. A stimulus is the first signal that is recognized by any sensory receptor of the body. Stimulus is an impulse generated when there is a change in the surroundings of a person. For example, a heated environment will alert the brain through the thermal sensory organs and generate a reflex accordingly.

Sensory Receptors

The human sensory system is one of the most complex and highly evolved structures, which processes a myriad of incoming messages. This well-coordinated system helps an organism or individual to respond to external stimuli, appropriately. The sensory receptors are an important part of the sensory system. These receptors are specialized epidermal cells that respond to external environmental stimuli. These receptors consist of structural and support cells that form the peripheral unit of the receptor and the neural dendrites which receive and detect the external stimuli.