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- In calculating Net Present Value (NPV), which one of the following is not an example of a relevant cashflow: A Incremental Operating Costs B Initial investment (including installation costs) C Depreciation D Increased working capital (current assets (cash, receivable and inventories less current liabilities) Question 2 Which of the following best describes a ‘basic standard’ with respect to costs in a budgeting exercise? A A standard which assumes an efficient level of operation, but which includes allowances for factors such as normal loss, waste and machine downtime B A standard which is kept unchanged over a period of time C A standard which is based on current price levels D A standard set at an ideal level, which makes no allowance for normal losses, waste and machine downtime Question 3 Which of the following statements about budgets and standards are true? A Standards can only be achieved under ideal conditions B Budgets can be used in situation where output cannot…1. In the context of capital budgeting, what is an opportunity cost?2. Given the choice, would a firm prefer to use MACRS depreciation or straight-line depreciation? Why?3. In our capital budgeting examples, we assumed that a firm would recover all of the working capital it invested in a project. Is this a reasonable assumption? When might it not be valid?4. Suppose a financial manager is quoted as saying, “Our firm uses the stand-alone principle. Because we treat projects like minifirms in our evaluation process, we include financing costs because they are relevant at the firm level.” Critically evaluate this statement.1. Taking into consideration all the information given, determinethe Net Present Value of the project and advice the company onwhether to invest in the new line of product. 2. Why should the cost of capital used in capital budgeting becalculated as a weighted average of the capital component ratherthan the cost of the specific financing used to fund a particularproject?
- Which of the following is a problem associated with capital budgeting? Select all that apply. Long-term strategic planning for resource allocation Unsustainable budget infrastructure that will have an impact on future generations Miscalculating or poor estimation of projected costs Fluctuating economics and financial marketsSuppose a company uses the NPV method, alongwith risk-adjusted WACCs, to calculate projectNPVs. However, it has not been considering realoptions in its capital budgeting decisions. Nowsuppose the company changes its capital budgeting process to take account of four types of realoptions investment timing, flexibility, growth,and abandonment. Would this decision be likelyto affect some of the calculated NPVs? Explainyour answerWhich of the following is not a capital budgeting technique? Select one: a. Net present value b. Discounted Payback period c. Payback Period d. Profitability index e. Ratio Analysis Which capital budgeting projects are preferred? Select one: a. Lower payback period b. None of the option c. Higher payback period d. Lower cash inflow projects e. Average payback period
- Which of the following is a problem with using discounted payback period for capital budgeting decisions arbitrary cutoff choice bias against short term projects in favor of long term projects time value of money conceptual violationFor capital budgeting projects like the one depicted in the prior problem, which of the following statements is CORRECT? (Ch. 11) Group of answer choices The lower the required rate of return, the lower the calculated NPV. If a project’s NPV is less than zero, then its IRR must be less than the required rate of return. Generally speaking, risky projects should have very low required rates of return. A relatively high required rate of return should be used to find the NPV of a relatively low risk project. If a project’s NPV is greater than zero, then its IRR must be less than zero.With everything else held constant, which of the following events should increase the internal rate of return of a capital budgeting project? A. An increase in the cost of the asset. B. A decrease in the firm’s cost of capital. C. A decrease in the cost of operating the asset. D. A decrease in tax benefits.
- Which of the following statement is true? O a. Sunk cost is not relevant in capital budgeting decision O b. Capital budgeting decisions are based on past OC. Capital budgeting decisions are short term in nature O d. Capital Budgeting decisions can be changed anytimePlease explain why the net present value (NPV) method is preferred over the payback method when evaluating alternative capital budgeting projects.Discuss the payback period, NPV (net present value), and IRR (internal rate of return) methods for capital budgeting analysis. What result does each method provide the user? What are the limitations of each of these methods? Which method would you find most useful in making the best investment decisions for your business and why?
