1. In a plant species, flower-colour is determined by the biochemical pathway shown below:EВCColourlessorangepinkpurplegreenGenes A, B, C, D, and E are independently assorting. The dominant alleles A, B, C and D encode enzymesthat catalyse the corresponding reactions indicated above. The recessive alleles a, b, c and d are non-functional and do not produce active enzymes. The dominant E allele totally inhibits the action of gene D,while the recessive allele e has no effect.a)Determine the F1 and F2 phenotypes from a cross between AABBccDDEE and AABBCCDDee plants.What proportion of the offspring of an AABBCCDDEE x aaBBCcDdEe cross is expected to havecoloured flowers?2. In a species of beetles, individuals may be red, black, white or tan. Colour is controlled by a single gene withmultiple alleles in a dominance series. Red (R) is dominant to black (Rb), black is dominant to white (RW)and white is dominant to tan (r) (R > RD > RW > r).Colour variation in this species is a female sex-limited trait. Males carry the colour genes but are alwaysphenotypically tan regardless of their genotype.What are the genotypes of the parents of the following cross?black female x tan male produce 1412 black females: 502 white females: 1766 tan males

The accompanying Punnett Square shows the genotype of F1 age: AbD abD abd AabbDd aabbDd …

Answered: pink = assortin

Science

Biology

pink = assortin

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter12: Mendel, Genes, And Inheritance

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9TYK: The ability of humans to taste the bitter chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is a genetic trait....

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The ability of humans to taste the bitter chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is a genetic trait. People with at least one copy of the normal, dominant allele of the PTC gene can taste PTC; those who are homozygous for a mutant, recessive allele cannot taste it. Could two parents able to taste PTC have a nontaster child? Could nontaster parents have a child able to taste PTC? A pair of taster parents, both of whom had one parent able to taste PTC and one nontaster parent, are expecting their first child. What is the chance that the child will be able to taste PTC? Unable to taste PTC? Suppose the first child is a nontaster. What is the chance that their second child will also be unable to taste PTC?
In peas, the allele Le produces tall plants and the allele le produces dwarf plants. The Le allele is dominant to le. If a tall plant is crossed with a dwarf, the offspring are distributed about equally between tall and dwarf plants. What are the genotypes of the parents?
Several alleles affect traits of roses, such as plant form and bud shape. Alleles of one gene govern whether a plant will be a climber (dominant) or shrubby (recessive). All F1 offspring from a cross between a true-breeding climber and a shrubby plant are climbers. If an F1 plant is crossed with a shrubby plant, about 50 percent of the offspring will be shrubby; 50 percent will be climbers. Using symbols A and a for the dominant and recessive alleles, make a Punnett- square diagram of the expected genotypes and phenotypes the cross between the F1 offspring and the shrubby plant.
In a certain species of flowering plants with a diploidgenome, four enzymes are involved in the generationof flower color. The genes encoding these four enzymes are on different chromosomes. The biochemical pathway involved is as follows; the figure showsthat either of two different enzymes is sufficient toconvert a blue pigment into a purple pigment.→ white → green → blue → purpleA true-breeding green-flowered plant is mated with atrue-breeding blue-flowered plant. All of the plants inthe resultant F1 generation have purple flowers. F1plants are allowed to self-fertilize, yielding an F2 generation. Show genotypes for P, F1, and F2 plants, andindicate which genes specify which biochemicalsteps. Determine the fraction of F2 plants with thefollowing phenotypes: white flowers, green flowers,blue flowers, and purple flowers. Assume the greenflowered parent is mutant in only a single step ofthe pathway
1) Perception of a bitter taste from phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is dominant (T) to not being able to taste PTC. Albinism is recessive to normal pigmentation (A). The genes controlling these traits are on separate chromosomes. a. A normally pigmented woman who cannot taste PTC has a father who is an albino taster, marries a many homozygous for normal pigmentation who is a PTC taster, but whose mother did not taste PTC. What are the genotypes of the woman and man listed here? b. Assuming the man and woman in the above section have children, what percentage of these children will be albino? c. What percentage of these children will have the same phenotype as their mother?
. The production of pigment in the outer layer of seedsof corn requires each of the three independently assorting genes A, C, and R to be represented by at leastone dominant allele, as specified in Problem 64. Thedominant allele Pr of a fourth independently assortinggene is required to convert the biochemical precursorinto a purple pigment, and its recessive allele pr makesthe pigment red. Plants that do not produce pigmenthave yellow seeds. Consider a cross of a strain of genotype A/A ; C/C ; R/R ; pr/pr with a strain of genotypea/a ; c/c ; r/r ; Pr/Pr.a. What are the phenotypes of the parents?b. What will be the phenotype of the F1?c. What phenotypes, and in what proportions, willappear in the progeny of a selfed F1?d. What progeny proportions do you predict from thetestcross of an F1?
1. What are some possible applications of genetics to plant breeding? 2. Where are genes found? CHOICES : A. CELL B. DNA C. LOCUS D. MITOCHONDRIA 3. Y. The grandfather has hairy-eared son. His son married a girl who gave birth to a boy. What are the chances that his grandson would be hairy eared too? CHOICES: A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100% Z. Why do you think so? CHOICES: A. Only male is the carrier of the disorder. B. Only female is the carrier of the disorder. C. Both male and female is the carrier of the disorder. D. Neither male nor female is the carrier of the disorder.
5. You are handed a mystery pea plant with tall stems and axial flowers and asked to determine its genotype as quickly as possible. You know that the allele for tall stems (T) i dominant to that of the dwarf stems (t) and that allele for axial flowers (A) is dominant to that for terminal flowers (a). (a) What are all the possible genotypes of your mystery plant? (b) Describe the one cross you would do, out of your gardens, to determine the exact genotype of your mystery plant. (c ) While waiting for the results of your cross, you predict the result of each possible genotype listed in part a. How do you do this? Why is this not called "performing a cross"? (d) Explain how the results of your cross and your predictions will help you learn the genotype of your mystery plant.
2. Uniparental disomy is a rare phenomenon in whichonly one of the parents of a child with a recessivedisorder is a carrier for that trait; the other parent ishomozygous normal. By analyzing DNA polymorphisms, it is clear that the child received both mutantalleles from the carrier parent but did not receive anycopy of the gene from the other parent.a. Diagram at least two ways in which uniparentaldisomy could arise. (Hint: These mechanismsall require more than one error in cell division,explaining why uniparental disomy is so rare.)Is there any way to distinguish between thesemechanisms to explain any particular case ofuniparental disomy?
2. Uniparental disomy is a rare phenomenon in whichonly one of the parents of a child with a recessivedisorder is a carrier for that trait; the other parent ishomozygous normal. By analyzing DNA polymorphisms, it is clear that the child received both mutantalleles from the carrier parent but did not receive anycopy of the gene from the other parent.a. Diagram at least two ways in which uniparentaldisomy could arise. (Hint: These mechanismsall require more than one error in cell division,explaining why uniparental disomy is so rare.)Is there any way to distinguish between thesemechanisms to explain any particular case ofuniparental disomy?b. How might the phenomenon of uniparental disomyexplain rare cases in which girls are affected withrare X-linked recessive disorders but have unaffectedfathers, or other cases in which an X-linked recessive disorder is transmitted from father to son?c. If you were a human geneticist and believed oneof your patients had a disease syndrome caused…
. A true-breeding strain of Virginia tobacco has dominantalleles determining leaf morphology (M), leaf color(C), and leaf size (S). A Carolina strain is homozygousfor the recessive alleles of these three genes. Thesegenes are found on the same chromosome as follows:M C S6 m.u. 17 m.u.An F1 hybrid between the two strains is now backcrossedto the Carolina strain. Assuming no interference:a. What proportion of the backcross progeny willresemble the Virginia strain for all three traits?b. What proportion of the backcross progeny willresemble the Carolina strain for all three traits?c. What proportion of the backcross progeny will havethe leaf morphology and leaf size of the Virginiastrain but the leaf color of the Carolina strain?d. What proportion of the backcross progeny will havethe leaf morphology and leaf color of the Virginiastrain but the leaf size of the Carolina strain?
2. In four-o’clocks, the allele for red flowers is incompletely dominant to the allele for white flowers, soheterozygotes have pink flowers. What ratios offlower colors would you expect among the offspringof the following crosses: (a) pink × pink, (b) white ×pink, (c) red × red, (d) red × pink, (e) white × white,and (f) red × white? If you specifically wanted to produce pink flowers, which of these crosses would bemost efficient?