Problem 5.5: A kitchen oven has an interior volume V of 0.12 m³. The air in the oven is preheated from an initial temperature To of 20°C to a baking temperature T₁ of 175°C. The initial pressure po inside the oven equals the outside pressure of 1000 hPa. a) If the oven is sealed (i.e., the process is isochoric), how much heat is added to the air in the oven? Answer: 1.6 × 104 J b) If the oven is not sealed (the normal case), air will gradually leak out as the air expands from heating, so that the process is iso- baric. Assume that the air leakage is one-way (no outside air enters the oven). How much total heat is added to the air? (Hint: You are heating not only the air that remains in the oven at the end of the heating process but also some of the air that escapes. You will have to set up and integrate a differential equation. Assume that the air temperature inside the oven is always uniform at any point in the

Problem 5.5: A kitchen oven has an interior volume V of 0.12 m³. The air in the oven is preheated from an initial temperature To of 20°C to a baking temperature T₁ of 175°C. The initial pressure po inside the oven equals the outside pressure of 1000 hPa. a) If the oven is sealed (i.e., the process is isochoric), how much heat is added to the air in the oven? Answer: 1.6 × 104 J b) If the oven is not sealed (the normal case), air will gradually leak out as the air expands from heating, so that the process is iso- baric. Assume that the air leakage is one-way (no outside air enters the oven). How much total heat is added to the air? (Hint: You are heating not only the air that remains in the oven at the end of the heating process but also some of the air that escapes. You will have to set up and integrate a differential equation. Assume that the air temperature inside the oven is always uniform at any point in the