Q#1. Define Durability? Explain the physical and chemical causes of inadequate durability. (CLO2) a: Write the names of different Types of Concrete Blocks or Concrete Masonry Units? Draw sketches of different concrete blocks which are used in Civil Engineering Projects? (CLO1) b: Explain different types of concrete. Write the practical applications of Roller compacted concrete, Porous concrete and Shotcrete concrete? (CLO1)

Q: What is workability of concrete, curing of concrete?

A: Workability of concrete is defined as the property of concrete that determines the amount of useful…

Q: a) What are the broad types of admixtures? b) What do you mean by concrete mix design; what are the…

A: Admixture: Admixture is used to extend the strength of the concrete and increase the specific…

Q: A batch of concrete consisted of 200 lbs fine aggregate (sand), 400 lbs coarse aggregate (gravel),…

A: Weight of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, cement and water with their relative density have been…

Q: Comment and write what needs to be done to increase workability in fresh concrete.

A: Workability is the ease with which concrete can be mix , transported , placed , compacted and…

Q: TEN PRINCIPLES The following ten principles are taken from Abeles (Ref. 2.32) and applicable not…

A: Brief Concept Introduction- Prestressed concrete- Reinforced concrete is a structural material that…

Q: and 20 meters high including the portion below normal grade line. How many bags will be needed for…

A:

Q: Take the unit weight of concrete to be 2400 kg/m3 and the specified compressive strength to be 28…

A:

Q: As a material engineer  in the field warehouse how will you test or check the cement delivered on…

A: On site cement is tested using simple  ways like  Texture of cement should be smooth  Should be…

Q: Prepare estimate of cement (in bags), sand (in m3), coarse aggregates (in m3) for concrete ratio of…

A: Height of retaining wall h=70 feet Length of retaining wall L=20 feet Thickness of retaining wall…

Q: What is maximum capacity of measure should be used in determining the density of the concrete if the…

A: B) 14 Liters

Q: Reinforced concrete water storage tanks are going to be used to hold water wit high salinity and…

A: The durability is the important property of concrete, as the durable concrete can be used against…

Q: You are required to pour concrete for a foundation. Closely meshed steel reinforcements are placed…

A: Foundation is generally a unit of a structure that supports and anchors the superstructure of a…

Q: Write in detail foremost engineering problems in cement industry

A: Main problems in Cement Industry (In pyro-processing) cyclone jamming Kiln inlet jamming large…

Q: i)Develop some of the factors that affect concrete strength, when using machine at a construction…

A: 1. Concrete is a widely used building material in construction world. Concrete is made up of various…

Q: Q#3: (a)What do you mean by concrete mix design; what are the major factors that must be considered…

A: (a.) Concrete mix design is a process of preparation of mix in which ingredients fulfill the…

Q: In a reinforced concrete section, according to ACI, of its shear capacity, what is the percentage of…

A: We should provide sufficient percentage of reinforcement to overcome the problems like shear and…

Q: How to Calculate Concrete Volume? If it is a volume, then we know there must be 3 dimensions,…

A: Volume of concrete required for a  slab can be determined easily if we know the length. Width and…

Q: What do you mean by the workability of concrete; why do we need workable concrete? (b)How various…

A: Workability is defined as amount of water required to produce full compaction in concrete. We need…

Q: What Item No. is "Aggregate Surface Course" in the DPWH Standard Specifications for Highways,…

A: Department of public works and Highways deals construction  of highways, bridges and airports under…

Q: Why is super plasticizer added to concrete? 1. To reduce the quantity of mixing water. 2. To…

A: Superplasticizer added to concrete because : Reduce water cement ratio Reduce quantity of cement…

Q: , a.) determine the number of bags of cement required to construct the wall footing using class A.…

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Q: Calculate the weight of cement, fine aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate (rock) and gallons of water…

A: Given Data: pad dimensions=5ft×5ft×5inmix=1:2:4w/c=0.50 The maximum coarse aggregate size as per…

Q: What effect does the kind of cement have on the strength of concrete?

A: Cement is vastly used binding material in construction nowadays. It is very important constituent of…

Q: 4- List and explain methods of manufacturing of ready mixed concrete.

A: Here multiple questions are asked. As per guidelines, the first question has been answered. If you…

Q: The following principle is taken from Abeles (Ref. 2.32) and applicable not only to prestressing…

A: Concept- Prestressed concrete- It is a method that uses strong steel ropes, ropes, or rods to create…

Q: g) How many cubic meters of crushed sand is required for mortar? h) How many cubic meters of fine…

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Q: You perform three replicate tests on typical 6x12” concrete cylinders at 28 days and get the data…

A: given  compression test, peak load values  127260 lbs 129300 lbs 128710 lbs Split tension test, peak…

Q: Instructions: Please provide complete solution for full credit and box final answer/s. Problem:…

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Q: find the aggregate specifications for Oman or GCC countries and identify the limitations for…

A: Brief Concept Revision: Aggregate: The materials such as gravel, stones, pebbles, sand which are…

Q: A concrete pipe of diameter 1 000 mm is laid at a slope of 1 in 100. Estimate the rate at which the…

A: Half Full Circular concrete pipe- Diameter (D) = 1000 mm = 1 m Slope (S) = 1 in 100 Chezy's Constant…

Q: What do you mean by the workability of concrete; why do we need workable concrete? b)How various…

A: Workability of concrete It is defined as the amount of work to produce full compaction. Workable…

Q: Two batches of concrete cylinders were made with and without a calciumchloride (CaCl2) accelerator…

A: (a) It is required to plot the graph between curing time and compressive strength.

Q: You see the concrete looks dry as it is being placed as a slab. a) If you decide to spray some…

A: If the concrete is not set yet, then concrete is still in form of fresh concrete. By spraying extra…

Q: Define concrete and discuss high performance concrete, shotcrete, pervious concrete and roller…

A: Concrete The concrete in which common ingredients i.e. aggregate, water, cement are used is known as…

Q: Q4- The following information is obtained from the strength test carried on concrete cubes of shown…

A: It is required to determine the compressive strength of concrete. Strength=LoadArea=955 kN×1000 N1…

Q: Q3: Give type of special concrete that is used for following constructions: 1. Highway street. 2.…

A: There are various types of concrete available which are used in different situations as per the…

Q: a) State the proper procedure for filling the concrete cylinder? b) If the peak load of concrete…

A: a) Procedure for Filling Concrete Cylinder: The concrete should be filled in the cylinder layer by…

Q: A simple platform having a stair will be constructed, as an estimator, your boss gave you an…

A:

Q: a)Explain what is section steel and reinforcement steel? Next discuss the advantages and…

A: (a) Section steel: Section steels are also known as structural steels. Section steels are available…

Q: a) After concrete has been placed it should be consolidated either by hand tamping or by a small…

A: Benefits of hiring a plant: The benefits of hiring a plant instead of buying are as follows: A…

Q: concrete column 4.00 m with a cross-sectional dimension of 20 cm x  25 cm is resting on a concrete…

A:

Q: you expect after 7 days(assuming good curing conditions)? Explain how you obtain the 7 day strength?…

A: (a )Generally maximum strength is gained within 28 days from the day of casting. It is considered…

Q: Q: what is concrete? 1: what are ingredients and state good quality of concrete

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Q: a design engineer has specified a concrete strength of 4400 psi. the ready mixed concrete producer…

A:

Q: Why is it necessary to measure the air content of concrete at the job site rather than at the batch…

A: The air content of concrete is measured in job site rather than batch plant because there will be…

Q: Estimate the approximate quantity of Cement, Fine aggregate, Coarse aggregate and Water, for five…

A: The water-cement ratio is 0.48. Assume the size of aggregate as 20 mm. Maximum water content for 20…

Q: How various properties of aggregates affect workability of concrete? b) If the peak load of…

A: Properties of aggregate  affecting workability are : Size of Aggregate The bigger the size of the…

Q: Give example of the type of cement used for the construction of a dam and repair of a bridge ?…

A: The cement that has to be used in dam construction must have the property of water-repelling. The…

Q: a) What are the broad types of admixtures? b) How would you improve the bond of fresh concrete to…

A: Introduction: Admixtures are materials other than water used in the concrete mix to improve its…

Types of Concrete

Concrete is the fundamental material used in civil engineering such as building materials for building structures. Concrete is an aggregate mixture of cement, sand, and fine and coarse rock pieces. The cement acts as a binding material that holds the compositions together, sets, and hardens with time. Apart from cement, there are other different types of binding materials used, such as lime concrete, bitumen, asphalt, and so on.