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- 28. a. Show that the set is a ring with respect to matrix addition and multiplication. b. Is commutative? c. does have a unity? d. Decide whether or not the set is an ideal of and justify your answer.Consider the set S={ [ 0 ],[ 2 ],[ 4 ],[ 6 ],[ 8 ],[ 10 ],[ 12 ],[ 14 ],[ 16 ] }18. Using addition and multiplication as defined in 18, consider the following questions. Is S a ring? If not, give a reason. Is S a commutative ring with unity? If a unity exists, compare the unity in S with the unity in 18. Is S a subring of 18? If not, give a reason. Does S have zero divisors? Which elements of S have multiplicative inverses?a. If R is a commutative ring with unity, show that the characteristic of R[ x ] is the same as the characteristic of R. b. State the characteristic of Zn[ x ]. c. State the characteristic of Z[ x ].
- Given that the set S={[xy0z]|x,y,z} is a ring with respect to matrix addition and multiplication, show that I={[ab00]|a,b} is an ideal of S.11. a. Give an example of a ring of characteristic 4, and elements in such that b. Give an example of a noncommutative ring with characteristic 4, and elements in such that .44. Consider the set of all matrices of the form, where and are real numbers, with the same rules for addition and multiplication as in. a. Show that is a ring that does not have a unity. b. Show that is not a commutative ring.
- 37. Let and be elements in a ring. If is a zero divisor, prove that either or is a zero divisor.The addition table and part of the multiplication table for the ring R={ a,b,c } are given in Figure 5.1. Use the distributive laws to complete the multiplication table. Figure 5.1 +abcaabcbbcaccab abcaaaabaccaLet R be a commutative ring with characteristic 2. Show that each of the following is true for all x,yR a. (x+y)2=x2+y2 b. (x+y)4=x4+y4
- 18. Let be a commutative ring with unity, and let be the principal ideal in . Prove that is isomorphic to .41. Decide whether each of the following sets is a subring of the ring. If a set is not a subring, give a reason why it is not. If it is a subring, determine if is commutative and find the unity, if one exists. For those that have a unity, which elements in have multiplicative inverses in? a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h.Let I be an ideal in a ring R with unity. Prove that if I contains an element a that has a multiplicative inverse, then I=R.