Q4. Airflow through a long. 0.2m square air conditioning duct maintains the outer duct surface temperature at 10 "C. If the horizontal duct is uninsulated and exposed to air at 35 °C as shown in the figure below, what is the heat gain per unit length of the duct?
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- Solar concentrators are used to power a small village. Which one of these below is not important to generate the enough amount of power? a)Pipeline should be place at an appropriate distance from the concentrators and we can approach the problem as steady flow problem b)Nusselt number depends whether it is cooling or heating turbulent flow problem c)None of the above d)The thermal and velocity entry length can be found using Reynolds number and the diameter of the pipeline e)To find the maximum power, we can use the condenser and turbine inlet temperatures as reference. f)First law of thermodynamics is one of the important steps to solve the problemPROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL 4. A 3m X 2m window has an exterior surface temperature of 220C, and the outside wind is blowing air at -60C across it with a convection heat transfer of h= 125W/m2K. What is the total heat transfer loss?A Thomas meter is located in an air duct of 2 sq ft cross-sectional area. The air weighs 0.083 lb per cu ft, and its specific heat is 0.24. Assume a controlled temperature differential of 5° and heater potential of 110 volts. Plot the velocity as abscissa and amperage as ordinate for veloc- ity 0 to 300 ft per min. Assume constant amperage of 3, and plot tem- perature difference against velocity. Discuss the curves from the stand- point of accuracy of the system.
- A refrigerant 22 condenser has four water passes and a total of 60 copper tubes that are 14 mm ID and have 2 mm wall thickness. The conductivity of copper is 3 90 W/m • K. The outside of the tubes is finned so that the ratio of outside to inside area is 1.7. The cooling-water flow through the condenser tubes is 3.8 L/s (a) Calculate the water-side coefficient if the water is at an average temperature of 30°C, at which temperature k = 0.614 W/m • K, p = 996 kg/m3 , andµ= 0.000803 Pa• s (b) Using a mean condensing coefficient of 1420 W/m2 • K, calculate the overall heat-transfer coefficient based on the condensing area.A non-thermally insulated industrial water vapor pipe is 25 m long and 100 mm in diameter. This line crosses a building whose walls and ambient air are at 25oC. Pressurized steam holds the tube surface at 150oC and the convective coefficient is 10 W/(m.K). The surface emissivity is ε=0.8. (a) the heat loss on this line; (b) if the steam is generated in a boiler that operates at 90% efficiency and uses natural gas priced at $0.20/MJ, what is the annual cost of this heat loss? Answer: (a) 18.41 W; (b) $129,000You are designing a 3m x 3m floor with radiant heating. The floor has 12 parallel pex pipes (k = 40 W/mK) of L = 3m, OD = 25mm and ID = 20mm. Hot water (TInfintiy 1 = 90oC, h = 200 W/m2K) runs through the pipes continuously. The surface below the pipes is perfectly insulated. Above the pipes, there is a 3mm layer of bonding material (? = 12 W/mK) and a 9mm layer of tile (k = 2 W/mK). Above the tile, there is air (TInfinity 2 = 25oC, h = 20 W/m2K). Properties of Air: k = 0.025 W/mK, Pr = 0.72, v = 1.847 x 10−5, u = 16.84 x 10−6, p = 1.2 kg/m3, B = 1/Tf (ideal gas), Hint: Assume that the “layer” of pipe starts at the center point (e.g. for conduction purposes, the pipe is OD divided by 2 thick). For convection, consider the entire pipe surface. a) What is the total heat rate entering the room above the floor? b) What is the temperature of the top of the tile?
- Air at 2 atm and 200◦C flows inside a 1-in schedule 80 steel pipe with h=65 W/m2 · ◦C. A hot gas with h=180 W/m2 · ◦C flows across the outside ofthe pipe at 400◦C. Calculate the overall heat-transfer coefficient.Two inches of urethane foam will reduce heat loss close to 1000% when applied to a 2-inch diameter uninsulated steel pipe. Assume the pipe wall thickness is 0.25-inches, the pipe interior convective heat loss (hi) is 500 BTU/hr-ft2-oF, and the pipe outside convective heat loss ho 20 BTU/hr-ft2-oF, k steel is 25 BTU/hr-ft-oF, and k insulaton is 0.023 BTU/hr-ft-oF. (hint - calculate heat loss with and without insulation.6) In a boiler installation coal is burnt at the rate of 1.9 x 10³ kg/hr and hot gases are generated at the rate of 18 kg per kg of coal burnt. Hot gases are at the temperature of 600 K and ambient air temperature is 300 K Different pressure losses in furnace grate, flues, bends and chimney are measured to be 6 mm, 5 mm, 3 mm, and 1 mm of water respectively. Hot gases leaving chimney have velocity equivalent to 1.2 mm of water column. Considering the actual natural draught to be 80% of theoretical draught determine the height and diameter of chimney.
- Water flows at the rate of 65kg/min through a double pipe counter flow HX. Water is heated from 50deg C to 75deg C by an oil flowing through the tube. the specific heat of oil is 1.78kJ/kg-K. The oil enters at 115 degC and leaves at 70degC. The overall heat transfer coefficient is 400W/m2-K. Calculate the rate of heat transfer and the required number of tubes with OD=30mm and L=4mA meeting hall is maintained at 25°C the space cooling load of 40 kW of which 30 kW is sensible cooling load the temperature of the supply air to the space must not be lowered in 18°C outdoor conditions are 35°C and 50% RH Determined. A. amount of air supplied to the space B.tons of refrigeration required of the cooling equipment C. Apparatus dew point temperature D. Exhaust capacityTwelve liters per minute of hot water at 330 K flow through a 0.5 inch schedule 40 (0.622 in wall thickness) domestic hot water line. What is the heat transfer coefficient inside the pipe? The kinematic viscosity is 0.5 x 106. The Prandtl number is 3.2.