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Question 38
The constant region of each heavy chain determines the class of the heavy chain.
| True | |
| False |
Question 39
The extensive variety of MHC proteins is apparent at a population level.
| True | |
| False |
Question 40
the immunoglobulin sequences involved in antigen binding is situated in:
|
|
The constant region of the antibody |
|
|
The hyper-variable region of the antibody |
|
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C terminal of the antibody |
|
|
Area close to disulfide bridges |
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- Question 40 the immunoglobulin sequences involved in antigen binding is situated in: Question 40 options: The constant region of the antibody The hyper-variable region of the antibody C terminal of the antibody Area close to disulfide bridges Question 41 Redundancy in the genetic code means: Question 41 options: that many base substitutions in coding DNA are synonymous (silent) and do not affect the protein sequence that DNA sequence variations always affect the protein sequence DNA sequence is redundant protein translation is independent of the genetic code Question 42 The mismatch repair (MMR) components work closely with the DNA replication machinery. Question 42 options: True FalseQuestion 27 The process responsible for the production of antibodies against allergens to ‘arm’ a mast cell is known as what? Question 27 options: Antigen processing Inflammation Sensitization HyperreactivityQuestion 78 Killed vaccines work by stimulating: Question 78 options: a) An antibody response b) Lymphocyte proliferation c) Cytotoxic T-cells d) Phagocytic activity
- Question 21 (1 point) SavedExtrinsic asthma can otherwise be described as: Question 21 options: A type I hypersensitivity disorder An autoimmune disorder Asthma of unknown etiology Non-atopic asthmaWhich statement about antibodies is INCORRECT? Question 16 options: Antibodies can be both soluble and membrane-bound. Antibodies bind to antigens via induced fit. Antibodies never release antigens once they are bound together. More than 100 million different antibodies can be produced in humans. Antibodies typically bind to antigens more strongly than enzymes bind to substrates.Question 2 : Consider a disease for which only 25% of individuals who have become exposed are progressing to become infectious. However, whether or not an individual becomes infectious can only be determined after a 5-day latent period. Individuals who are not progressing to become infectious will remain susceptible. The average time an individual stays infective is 2 days. Also, after an average of 10 days after having recovered, 10% of recovered individuals will revert to become susceptible again. 90% of the individuals, however, acquire lifelong immunity. (a) Develop the transition diagram that depicts the move of individuals between compartments. Hint: you can use PowerPoint or online tool such as https://app.diagrams.net/ to draw the diagram. The diagram should contain the labels of the stages and have arrows indicating from one stage to another stage. ******Susceptible, invectives, and recovered individuals in the SIR model are moving through "the compartments " S-I-R.…
- Question 79 The discovery of antibodies and the understanding of their actions directly resulted in: Question 79 options: a) The development of passive immunization b) Improved vaccine design c) Improved methods of immunization d) The development of genetically engineered vaccinesQUESTION 5 What do allergies to bee stings, transfusion reactions to improperly matched blood, and poison ivy reactions all have in common? harmful Ab responses involve degranulation of mast cells and basophiles involve immunodeficiencies involve T cells mediating a harmful response exaggerated and inappropriate immune responsesQuestion 77 Which of the following statements represents an advantage of passive immunization? Question 77 options: a) Passive immunization provides life-long immunity b) Passive immunization provides immediate protection against the pathogen c) Passive immunization stimulates the immune system d) Passive immunization induces a robust herd immunity
- Question 28 Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complication resulting from the: Question 28 options: a) Triggering of the complement system b) Release of lipid A from dying Gram-negative bacteria c) Release of cytotoxins d) Attachment of bacterial cells to the endocardiumQuestion 2: Select one answer.One of the results of the inflammatory response is accumulation of fluid in the affected area (edema). This happens in response to tissue injury such as a sprained ankle or an infection caused by a splinter in one’s finger. Select the correct statement from the choices below. a. Activation of the inflammatory response does not indicate a disruption of homeostasis. Presence of extra fluid in the tissues directly activates the innate immune response. b.The lymph vessels will eventually drain away the excess fluid. The kinin-kallikrein system causes capillary leakage resulting in edema. c. The lymph vessels will bring in the cells from the immune system to fight any potential infection. d. Tissue edema does not involve the lymphatic system e.Swelling from tissue injury happens because your body makes excess fluid in that area.Question 3 Select one answer.T cells come in several varieties. Cytotoxic T cells are important because they can become activated and kill target cells. Which of the following are not needed directly for Cytotoxic T cell activation? a. Cytokinesb. Interferonsc. Complementd. Antibodiese. All are correct