State the function of myofibrils.

Q: What prevents cross-bridges from attaching to sites on the thinfilaments in a resting skeletal…

A: Muscles are the tissues able to contract in response to stimuli.

Q: Briefly describe the structure of skeletal muscles.

A: Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle are the three major types of muscles in the body.…

Q: Define the term Twitch Contractions?

A: A twitch is often described as a period of muscle contraction and relaxation in a muscle in response…

Q: Explain the requirements for Ca^ 2+ and ATP in muscle contraction and relaxation.

A: A muscle contraction is defined as an increase in the tension or a decrease in the length of a…

Q: Describe the relationship between the resting muscle length and the strength of its contraction.

A: Muscles are stretched even at rest i.e. when muscles are not contracting they are actually stretched…

Q: List some skeletal muscle disorders?

A: Skeletal muscle disorder is also known as Musculoskeletal disorder and abbreviated as MSDs  .  As…

Q: Review the sliding filament model of muscle contraction

A: Sliding filament model of muscle contraction is a model which explains the mechanism of how the…

Q: Describe the important steps in muscle contraction.

A: A repeated binding of the thick filament to the thin filament causes it to slide over the thin…

Q: List the principal functions of skeletal muscles.

A: Muscle is composed of contractile protein and belongs to the category of soft tissue. Its primary…

Q: Describe the general anatomical design of a muscle spindle and discuss its physiological function.

A: Muscle spindles are a special type of sensory receptors (proprioceptors) present inside the muscle…

Q: What is migrating myoelectrical complex (MMC)?

A: At fasten time, The contraction of muscle in stomach and in small intestine to clean the residual of…

Q: List five proteins of the myofilaments

A: We know that Muscles are the soft tissue found in our body. Muscles work to create strength and…

Q: Describe the microscopic structure of a muscle fiber

A: Each muscle is made out of various muscle fibers. Each muscle fiber is made out of multinucleated,…

Q: Describe the general structure of a skeletal muscle.

A: The Muscle is a soft tissue that is responsible for producing force and motion facilitated by the…

Q: Describe the stages of a twitch contraction and explain how a twitch is affected by the frequency of…

A: Twitch contraction: Contraction of the muscle fibres occurs when the action potential travels down…

Q: Explain how ATP and creatine phosphate function inskeletal muscle fiber contraction.

A: The process of contraction of muscle fiber occurs in a series of events, that initiates with the…

Q: Explain the phases of a twitch contraction.

A: The contraction generated by one action potential is termed a muscle twitch.

Q: List the various Myofibril Structures?

A: Myofibrils are made up of proteins organized into filaments. The filaments can be thick filaments or…

Q: Identify the structure highlighted in green: 三三園 Sarcolemma Myofibril Sarcoplasm

A: The image given is of  excitation-contraction coupling mechanism in skeletal muscle.

Q: Describe how muscle contraction can resist movement rather than cause movement

A: Muscle contractions allow movements mainly the most common function of muscles. The contractions of…

Q: Thick myofilaments consist mainly of the protein _____.

A: Thick myofilaments consist mainly of the protein called Myosin.

Q: Compare the force produced by a muscle over timewhen it is stimulated by a single twitch stimulus…

A: Muscle strength formation refers to the mechanism in which the skeletal muscle transforms metabolic…

Q: Describe the neural control of skeletal muscle contraction.

A: Muscle is a type of soft tissue that is located in most animals. The cells consist of protein…

Q: Explain reciprocal innervation of skeletal muscles.

A: The principle of reciprocal innervation—the contraction of one muscle or group of muscles with the…

Q: Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction and muscle relaxation.

A: ATP or Adenosine triphosphate is an important and integral factor for muscle contraction and…

Q: Please describe when the myosin heads grab and pull on the active sites in the actin fibers

A: Muscle cells are specific for contraction. It allows for motions and facilitates bodily processes…

Q: Describe the length-tension relationship in skeletal muscle fibers.

A: The skeleton muscle varies in shape, size, and arrangement of fibers. These range from small strands…

Q: Briefly explain ultrastructrure of myofibril.

A: The human skeletal muscles are made up of many muscle bundles or fascicles. Different muscle bundles…

Q: what is a myofibril

A: To describe: To describe myofibril and its structure.

Q: Describe a muscle twitch and the events that occur ineach phase of a twitch.

A: A single brief threshold stimulus cause contraction followed by relaxation. This kind of response is…

Q: Compare and contrast myofibrils and myofilaments.

A: Muscles are required in breathing, talking, running, walking, and anybody movement. Actin and…

Q: List the four primary signal transduction pathways in skeletal muscle.

A: Signal transduction is defined as the ability of a cell to change behaviour in response to a…

Q: Detail the developmental events in muscle formation.

A: The human body has a musculoskeletal system, which is composed of muscles and bone. The muscular…

Q: Describe the function and source of calcium ions in initiatingcontraction in skeletal muscle?

A: Introduction  Our body contains different types of ions such as Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Chloride…

Q: What would happen if the refractory period of a skeletal muscle fiber were abnormally prolonged well…

A: Refractory periods are period of time taken for an excitable membrane following an action potential…

Q: Explain the movement of ions into, out of, and within the muscle fber after Acetylcholine (ACh)…

A: The sarcolemma is the plasma membrane of the muscle cell that is surrounded by a basement membrane…

Q: Describe the structure of myosin molecules and how theycombine to form a myosin myofilament

A: The myofibrils are comprised of actin (thin filament) and myosin (thick filament). Muscle…

Q: explain why the force of a muscle contraction dependson the muscle’s length prior to stimulation.

A: The length-tension relationship of our human muscle states that specifically, the isometric tension…

Q: Relate the types of muscle fibers to muscle performance, and distinguish between aerobic and…

A: Aerobic means in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic means in absence of oxygen.  Muscle fiber…

Q: How would muscle contractions be affected if skeletalmuscle fibers did not have T-tubules?

A: Muscles:                    In animals, soft tissues found known as muscles. Muscles cells contain…

Q: Explain the role of tetanus in normal muscle action.

A: All the sensory activities are controlled and coordinated by the nervous system. The external…

Q: List the phases of a muscle twitch, and describe theevents that occur in each phase.

A: Phases of Muscle twitch:                   When an stimulant action potential travels down through…

Q: Which of the following is required for contraction of myofibrils? Select one: a. bicarbonate ions b.…

A: Introduction:- Myofibrils are relatively small contractile fibres that run in parallel columns along…

Q: How are myofilaments and sarcomeres of myofibrils related?

A: Muscle is a soft connective tissue found in most animals. A myocyte or a muscle cell is the type of…

Q: Explain the organization of myofibrils, myofilaments, and sarcomeres

A: Muscular tissues consists of muscle fibers having the properties of contraction. Muscular tissues…

Q: List five proteins of the myofilaments and describe their physical arrangement.

A: In muscle cells, myofilaments are the three protein filaments of myofibrils.

Q: Describe the chain reaction of muscle relaxation

A: Muscles are the tissues that show contraction, relaxation and stretching activities and allow…

Q: e What would happen if the refractory period of a skeletal muscle fiber were abnormally prolonged…

A: Introduction Refractoriness is the ability of any object of autowave nature (particularly excitable…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.