Step Justification c0 = c(0 + 0) distributive property co c0 + cô distributive property co + (-c0) = (c0 + c0) + (-co) add -c0 to both sides 0 = (c0 + c0) + (-c0) commutative property of addition %3D 0 = c0 + (co + (-c0)) additive inverse property 0 = c0 + 0 commutative property of addition 0 = c0 multiplicative identity property

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter8: Applications Of Trigonometry
Section8.4: The Dot Product
Problem 45E
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Question
Complete the proof of Property 4 of the following theorem by supplying the justification for each step.
Properties of Additive Identity and Additive Inverse
Let v be a vector in R", and let c be a scalar. Then the properties below are true.
1. The additive identity is unique. That is, if v + u = v, then u = 0.
2. The additive inverse of v is unique. That is, if v + u = 0, then u = -v.
3. Ov = 0
4. co = 0
5. If cv =
0, then c = 0 or v = 0.
6. -(-v) =
Use the properties of vector addition and scalar multiplication from the following theorem.
Properties of Vector Addition and Scalar Multiplication in R"
Let u, v, and w be vectors in R", and let c and d be scalars.
1. u + v is a vector in R".
Closure under addition
2. u + v = v + u
Commutative property of addition
Associative property of addition
Additive identity property
Additive inverse property
Closure under scalar multiplication
Distributive property
Distributive property
Associative property of multiplication
Multiplicative identity property
3. (u + u) + w = u + (u + w)
4. u + 0 = u
5. u + (-u) = 0
6. cu is a vector in R".
7. c(u + v) = cu + cv
8. (с + d)u
9. c(du) = (cd)u
10. 1(u) = u
= cu + du
%3D
Step
Justification
C =
c(0 + 0)
distributive property
cO = c0 + có
distributive property
c0 + (-c0) = (c0 + c0) + (-c0)
add -c0 to both sides
0 =
(c0 + c0) + (-co)
commutative property of addition
O = c0 + (c0 + (-c0))
additive inverse property
0 = c0 + 0
commutative property of addition
0 = c0
multiplicative identity property
Transcribed Image Text:Complete the proof of Property 4 of the following theorem by supplying the justification for each step. Properties of Additive Identity and Additive Inverse Let v be a vector in R", and let c be a scalar. Then the properties below are true. 1. The additive identity is unique. That is, if v + u = v, then u = 0. 2. The additive inverse of v is unique. That is, if v + u = 0, then u = -v. 3. Ov = 0 4. co = 0 5. If cv = 0, then c = 0 or v = 0. 6. -(-v) = Use the properties of vector addition and scalar multiplication from the following theorem. Properties of Vector Addition and Scalar Multiplication in R" Let u, v, and w be vectors in R", and let c and d be scalars. 1. u + v is a vector in R". Closure under addition 2. u + v = v + u Commutative property of addition Associative property of addition Additive identity property Additive inverse property Closure under scalar multiplication Distributive property Distributive property Associative property of multiplication Multiplicative identity property 3. (u + u) + w = u + (u + w) 4. u + 0 = u 5. u + (-u) = 0 6. cu is a vector in R". 7. c(u + v) = cu + cv 8. (с + d)u 9. c(du) = (cd)u 10. 1(u) = u = cu + du %3D Step Justification C = c(0 + 0) distributive property cO = c0 + có distributive property c0 + (-c0) = (c0 + c0) + (-c0) add -c0 to both sides 0 = (c0 + c0) + (-co) commutative property of addition O = c0 + (c0 + (-c0)) additive inverse property 0 = c0 + 0 commutative property of addition 0 = c0 multiplicative identity property
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