Students in a veterinary school are given the following hypotheticalproblem: A dog ingests organophosphate poison, and the students areresponsible for saving the animal’s life. Organophosphate poisons bindto and inhibit acetylcholinesterase. Several substances the studentscould inject include the following: acetylcholine, curare (which blocksacetylcholine receptors), and potassium chloride. If you were a studentin the class, what would you advise to save the animal?

Students in a veterinary school are given the following hypotheticalproblem: A dog ingests organophosphate poison, and the students areresponsible for saving the animal’s life. Organophosphate poisons bindto and inhibit acetylcholinesterase. Several substances the studentscould inject include the following: acetylcholine, curare (which blocksacetylcholine receptors), and potassium chloride. If you were a studentin the class, what would you advise to save the animal?

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter35: The Nervous System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3VCQ: Figure 35.26 Which of the following statements is false? The parasympathetic pathway is responsible...

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Figure 35.26 Which of the following statements is false? The parasympathetic pathway is responsible for relaxing the body, while the sympathetic pathway is responsible for preparing for an emergency. Most preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic pathway originate in the spinal cord. Slowing of the heartbeat is a parasympathetic response. Parasympathetic neurons are responsible for releasing norepinephrine on the target organ, while sympathetic neurons are responsible for releasing acetylcholine.
A patient has been exposed to the organophosphate pesticide malathion,which inactivates acetylcholinesterase. Which of the following symptoms would you predict: blurring of vision, excess tear formation, frequent or involuntary urination, pallor (pale skin), muscle twitching, orcramps? Would atropine be an effective drug to treat the symptoms?(See Clinical Impact 16.2 for the action of atropine.) Explain.
In the disease myasthenia gravis, the human body makes—by mistake— antibodies to its own acetylcholine receptor molecules. These antibodies bind to and inactivate acetylcholine receptors on the plasma membrane of muscle cells. The disease leads to a devastating progressive weakening of the people affected. early on, they may have difficulty opening their eyelids, for example, and, in an animal model of the disease, rabbits have difficulty holding their ears up. As the disease progresses, most muscles weaken, and people with myasthenia gravis have difficulty speaking and swallowing. eventually, impaired breathing can cause death. explain which step of muscle function is affected.
are these True or False? Receptors on the post-synaptic cell membrane that bind the acetylcholine are voltage-gated channels (channels that open in response to a change in the electrical charge of the membrane). When a muscle cell is not contracting its cell membrane is negative on the inner surface. The effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily.
A nurse uses a whirlpool to relax a patient following intensephysical therapy to restore movement in her legs. What isa potent pain-blocking neuromodulator, released throughrelaxation techniques?a. Prostaglandinsb. Substance Pc. Endorphinsd. Serotonin
Nicotinic receptors bind A. acetylcholine and allow chloride ions to exit the cell. B. acetylcholine and allow sodium ions to enter the cell. C. muscarine and increase the contractility of intestinal muscle. D. norepinephrine and can either stimulate or inhibit the cell. E. norepinephrine and allow potassium entry, thereby exciting the cell.
Correct the following false statement: "Any cell that has the acetylcholine receptor will have the same response as any other cell that also has the acetylcholine receptor when exposed to acetylcholine". Explain why this statement is false.
Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs that stop seizures from happening. These drugs work by inhibiting electrical impulses (action potentials) from occurring. Explain the importance of sodium and calcium channels on a neuron and the reasons why action potentials do not occur when these channels are inhibited. Thank you
Are these true or false? Acetylcholine molecules are actively transported from the axon to their receptors on the muscle membrane by special transport proteins. Receptors on the post-synaptic cell membrane that bind the acetylcholine are voltage-gated channels (channels that open in response to a change in the electrical charge of the membrane). When a muscle cell is not contracting its cell membrane is negative on the inner surface. The effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily. During depolarization, a small region of the muscle cell's membrane becomes less negative on the inside." Both sodium and potassium are more concentrated in the extracellular fluid than the intracellular fluid. After an action potential passes over a region of the sarcolemma the region remains positively charged throughout the entire muscle contraction. An increase in the calcium ion level in the cytosol causes thin filaments to begin…
Lidocaine is an anesthetic that is commonly used in medical and dental practices. After being injected or applied to the skin, lidocaine very quickly causes numbness in that area by affecting nerve transmission. Which option below is a possible mechanism by which lidocaine might work? Mimics the neurotransmitter released by sensory neurons Causes an influx of calcium into the axon bulb of sensory neurons Prevents the opening of sodium channels in the sensory neurons
Transmitters in pain control system include all the following, except :-a- serotoninb- acetylcholinec- enkephalind- norepinephrine
A patient had too much Botox injected into her forehead which caused facial paralysis as well as a tingling and difficulty using her fingers, especially her thumb. A doctor prescribed her a drug called pyridostigmine, which inhibits acetylcholinesterase to counteract the affect of the Botox. How could this help?