Suppose that there is a file system with blocks of 512 bytes in size. For each inode, there are 20 direct blocks, 2 singly-indirect blocks, and 2 doubly-indirect blocks. The size of a pointer is 4 bytes. Calculate the maximum possible size of a file in bytes. Show your work.
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- A disk has a capacity of two tera-byte size. Say the file system uses a multi-level inode structure for locating the data blocks of afile.The inode stores pointers to data blocks, including a single indirect block, a double indirect block, and several direct blocks in the 64 B of available space.Now, it is given that the disk has a block size of 512 B. The maximum file size that can be stored in such a file system in MB (round off upto 2 decimal places).What is the maximum file size supported if we have 12 direct blocks, 3 indirect blocks, 3 double indirect blocks, and triple indirect block, a block size of 1024 bytes and 16-bit pointers ?Implement a C program to sort a set of 4-byte float point values in ascending order using radixsort. The values are saved in a file. After sorting, the original file should still save the sorted values. Your program must access the file using memory mapping.
- Consider a file system that uses inodes to represent files. Disk blocks are 8 KB in size, and a pointer to a disk block requires 8 bytes. This file system has 12 direct disk blocks, as well as 1 single and 1 double indirect disk blocks. What is the maximum size of a file that can be stored in this file system in GBs (round to the nearest integer)?Suppose that you have a very simple file system (VSFS) using i-node to manage disk data blocks, where the disk block size is 4096 bytes. Disk addresses and file block pointers take 32 bits (4 bytes), and the i-node contains 10 direct pointers, one single-indirect pointer and one double-indirect pointer. Assume an index block is the same size as a data block (both 4096 Bytes). If there is a file having 45,000 bytes of data and it has never been accessed, we only assume the file's i-node is in memory, but none of the rest of the file. If the user process wants to read the entire file into the memory, how many disk blocks (including both data blocks and index block(s)) would be brought into the main memory? O a. 11 O b. 10 O C. 12 O d. 1035 e. 1034The free space bitmap looks like this: 1010 0000 0000 0000. The system always searches for free blocks starting at the lowest-numbered block. Block size is 4 KiB. (Blocks that belong to the same file do not need to be contiguous.) Write down the bitmap after each of the following actions: (a) File A of size 22 KiB is written. (b) File B of size 10 KiB is written. (c) File A is deleted. (d) File C of size 29 KiB is written. (e) File B is deleted.
- A file has r=30,000 EMPLOYEE records of fixed-length. Consider a disk with block size B=512 bytes. A block pointer is P=6 bytes long and a record pointer is P R =7 bytes long. Each record has the following fields: NAME (30 bytes), SSN (9 bytes), DEPARTMENTCODE (9 bytes), ADDRESS (40 bytes), PHONE (9 bytes), BIRTHDATE (8 bytes), SEX (1 byte), JOBCODE (4 bytes), SALARY (4 bytes, real number). An additional byte is used as a deletion marker. a) Calculate the record size R in bytes. b) Calculate the blocking factor bfr and the number of file blocks b assuming an unspanned organization. c) Suppose the file is ordered by the key field SSN and we want to construct a primary index on SSN. Calculate the index blocking factor bfr i.Suppose that a 2 MB file consisting of 512-byte logical blocks is stored on a disk drive with the following characteristics: Parameter Value Rotational rate 15,000 RPMTavg seek 4 msAverage number of sectors/track 1,000Surfaces 8Sector size 512 bytes For each case below, suppose that a program reads the logical blocksof the file sequentially, one after the other, and that the time to positionthe head over the first block is Tavg seek + Tavg rotation .A. Best case: Estimate the optimal time (in ms) required to readthe file over all possible mappings of logical blocks to disksectors. B. Random case: Estimate the time (in ms) required to read thefile if blocks are mapped randomly to disk sectors.Student information is being held in a data area, where each student record has the following format: The first nine bytes are the student number, held in ASCII The next byte is the course mark The next word is the section identifierThere are well over three hundred such student records that have been loaded sequentially into memory starting at address $10000. The last record loaded is a dummy record with a section identifier of $FFFF, to show the end of the records.Write an assembler subroutine GetMax that will scan the entire list and find the highest mark. If there is a tie, the first student in the list with the highest mark should be found. The subroutine should return the starting address of this record in address register a3.
- In a main memory-disk virtual storage system, the page size is 1KByte and the FIFO algorithm is used for page replacements. A given program has been allocated three page frames in the main memory and it makes the following 16 memory references when it starts executing (the addresses are given in decimal):500, 2000, 2500, 800, 4000, 1000, 5500, 1500, 2800, 400, 5000, 700, 2100, 3500, 900, 2400 Fill in the contents of the three page frames after each memory reference in a table and calculate the hit ratio. Hint: denote by 'a' the page consisting of locations 0 through 1023 in memory. Similarly, b: 1024-2047, c: 2048-3071, d: 3072-4095, e: 4096-5119 and f: 5120-6143. Round to three decimal places.Subject: Microcpmputer Interface and Technology 1. Assume that a chunk of data is stored in a memory block that starts with variable BUFFER. The memory block contains 50 bytes in total. Write a program that can count the number of positive numbers in the chunk of data and store the result of counting into a variable NUMBER.Suppose that you have a UNIX file system where the disk block size is 4096 bytes. Disk addresses and file block pointers take 32 bits (4 bytes), and the i-node contains 12 direct pointers, one single-indirect pointer and one double-indirect pointer. Assume an index block is the same size as a data block (both 4096 Bytes). If there is a file having 50,000 bytes of data and it is never been accessed, we only assume the file's i-node is in memory, but none of the rest of the file. If the user process wants to access to read the entire file into the memory, how many I/O operations would be needed? O a. 15 O b. 12 O c. 14 O d. 13