Tango Bank has contracted to lend $80 million to Delta Co. in three months’ time. This loan will be for a period of six months. To hedge against the risk of interest rates dropping, Tango has purchased an interest rate put option. The put option has an exercise rate of 2.15% and a maturity of three months. The underlying forward rate is based on the LIBOR, which has a current term structure of # days LIBOR 90 2% 270 2.3% The terms of the LIBOR specify 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year. The volatility on the underlying forward rate is 0.25. Tango uses the Black Model to estimate the call premium. d. Tango could also have used a forward rate agreement (FRA) to hedge its future lending rate. What are the similarities and differences between interest rate option and FRA?

Tango Bank has contracted to lend $80 million to Delta Co. in three months’ time. This loan will be for a period of six months. To hedge against the risk of interest rates dropping, Tango has purchased an interest rate put option. The put option has an exercise rate of 2.15% and a maturity of three months. The underlying forward rate is based on the LIBOR, which has a current term structure of # days LIBOR 90 2% 270 2.3% The terms of the LIBOR specify 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year. The volatility on the underlying forward rate is 0.25. Tango uses the Black Model to estimate the call premium. d. Tango could also have used a forward rate agreement (FRA) to hedge its future lending rate. What are the similarities and differences between interest rate option and FRA?

International Financial Management

14th Edition

ISBN:9780357130698

Author:Madura

Publisher:Madura

Chapter11: Managing Transaction Exposure

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6ST

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Tango Bank has contracted to lend $80 million to Delta Co. in three months’ time. This loan will be for a period of six months. To hedge against the risk of interest rates dropping, Tango has purchased an interest rate put option. The put option has an exercise rate of 2.15% and a maturity of three months. The underlying forward rate is based on the LIBOR, which has a current term structure of # days LIBOR 90 2% 270 2.3% The terms of the LIBOR specify 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year. The volatility on the underlying forward rate is 0.25. Tango uses the Black Model to estimate the call premium. c. Hindsight being 20-20, should Tango have purchased the put option?
Tango Bank has contracted to lend $80 million to Delta Co. in three months’ time. This loan will be for a period of six months. To hedge against the risk of interest rates dropping, Tango has purchased an interest rate put option. The put option has an exercise rate of 2.15% and a maturity of three months. The underlying forward rate is based on the LIBOR, which has a current term structure of # days LIBOR 90 2% 270 2.3% The terms of the LIBOR specify 30 days in a month and 360 days in a year. The volatility on the underlying forward rate is 0.25. Tango uses the Black Model to estimate the call premium. b. Suppose that in three months’ time, the six-month LIBOR turns out to be 2%. What is the annualized rate of return on Tango’s position with the put option?
Tree Row Bank has assets of $150 million, liabilities of $135 million, and equity of $15 million. The asset duration is six years and the duration of the liabilities is four years. Market interest rates are 10 percent. Tree Row Bank wishes to hedge the balance sheet with Treasury bond futures contracts, which currently have a price quote of $95 per $100 face value for the benchmark 20-year, 8 percent coupon bond underlying the contract, a market yield of 8.5295 percent, and a duration of 10.3725 years. (LG 24-2, LG 24-3) d. If the bank had hedged with Treasury bill futures contracts that had a market value of $98 per $100 of face value and a duration of 0.25 year, how many futures contracts would have been necessary to fully hedge the balance sheet? e. What additional issues should be considered by the bank in choosing between T-bond or T-bill futures contracts?
Tree Row Bank has assets of $150 million, liabilities of $135 million, and equity of $15 million. The asset duration is six years and the duration of the liabilities is four years. Market interest rates are 10 percent. Tree Row Bank wishes to hedge the balance sheet with Treasury bond futures contracts, which currently have a price quote of $95 per $100 face value for the benchmark 20-year, 8 percent coupon bond underlying the contract, a market yield of 8.5295 percent, and a duration of 10.3725 years. (LG 24-2, LG 24-3) a. Should the bank go short or long on the futures contracts to establish the correct macrohedge? b. How many contracts are necessary to fully hedge the bank? c. Verify that the change in the futures position will offset the change in the cash balance sheet position for a change in market interest rates of plus 100 basis points and minus 50 basis points.
Standard bank has assets of $ 150 million, liabilities of $ 135 million and equity of $ 15 million. It asset duration is six years and the duration of the liabilities is for four years. Standards bank wishes to hedge the balance sheet with 20-year T-bond futures contracts, witch are currently trading at $95 per $100 face value and duration of 10.37 year. Note that T-bond futures are sold in $100000 face value per contract. What is the duration gap of Standard Bank? A.2 years B.3.2 years C.2.4 years D.-2.4 years
A credit default swap requires a semi annual payment at the rate of 200 basis points per year. The principal is $1 billion and the credit default swap is settled in cash. A default occurs after four years and two months, and the calculation agent estimates that the price of the cheapest deliverable bond is 60% of its face value shortly after the default. List the cash flows and their timing for the seller of the credit default swap..
On January 1, 2024, Avalanche Corporation borrowed $120,000 from First Bank by issuing a two-year, 8% fixed-rate note with annual interest payments. The principal of the note is due on December 31, 2025. Avalanche wanted to hedge against declines in general interest rates, so it also entered into a two-year SOFR-based interest rate swap agreement on January 1, 2024, and designates it as a fair value hedge. Because the swap is entered at market rates, the fair value of the swap is zero at inception. The agreement called for the company to receive fixed interest at the current SOFR swap rate of 5% and pay floating interest tied to SOFR. This arrangement results in an effective variable rate on the note of SOFR + 3%. The contract specifies that the floating rate resets each year on June 30 and December 31 for the net settlement that is due the following period. In other words, the net cash settlement is calculated using beginning- of-period rates. The SOFR rates on the swap reset dates…
A business plans to borrow approximately $40 million in short-term funding through the issue of commercial paper in three months’ time. The business does not have a view on what is likely to happen to interest rates over the next three months, but it would be very satisfied if it could obtain its funding at the current yield. Using the following data, show how 90-day bank-accepted bills futures contracts can be used to hedge the interest rate risk to which the business is exposed. Show the calculation and timing of all transactions and cash flows (ignore transaction costs and marginrequirements). Today’s data: current commercial paper yields 6.00 per cent perannum 90-day bank-accepted bills futures contract 93.75. Data in threemonths: commercial paper yields 7.00 per cent perannum 90-day bank-accepted bills futures contract93.25.
Suppose that a bank has agreed to the following terms of an interest rate swap:- The notional principal is CAD 300 million and the remaining life of the swap is 11 months.- The bank pays 8% per annum, and receives three-month LIBOR.- Payments are exchanged every three months.- The swap (fixed) rate is 11% per annum for all maturities.- The three-month LIBOR rate a month ago was 12.5% per annum. All rates are compounded quarterly. Estimate the value of the swap using a) a bond-price valuation method, and b) a FRAs-based method?
U.S. Delay Corporation, a subsidiary of the postal service, must decide whether to issue zero coupon bonds or quarterly payment bonds to fund construction of new facilities. The $1,000 par value quarterly payment bonds would sell at $795.54, have a 4.50% coupon rate, and mature in 10 years. At what price would the zero coupon bonds with a maturity of 10 years have to sell to earn the same effective annual rate (or bond yield) as the quarterly payment bonds?
The investment manager for Draxler Co. pays $988,472 to purchase a $1,000,000 face-value bond maturing in five years and paying interest semiannually at an annual rate of 2.75 percent. The annual market rate for comparable bonds at the time of issuance is 3.00 percent. With two years remaining, the manager determines that the bond will pay the full $1,000,000 at maturity but will pay $3,000 less in interest than planned every six months for the remainder of the bond’s life. The relevant present value factors for $1 and a $1 ordinary annuity are 0.9422 and 3.8544, respectively. If the bond’s current fair value with two years remaining is $994,800 and the amortized cost of the bond is $995,182, the current expected credit loss, assuming that the bond is classified as held-to-maturity, is closest to: A. $4,835 B. $6,710 C. $11,165 D. $11,545
ABC Corporation wishes to raise money by selling a 90-day promissory note in the short-term money markets. The note promises to pay the holder $17,000,000 at maturity. If yields on similar risk notes are currently 2.8% p.a., how much money will ABC Corporation receive for the note?