Samantha’s Group of Companies is deciding if it should design an advertising system for use on its website. The first option is to skip out on designing, with no net costs or gains. The second option is System A, which would result in additional sales of either $25,000 under good conditions or -$15,000 under bad conditions. The final choice is System B, which would increase sales -$5,000 under both good and bad conditions.   Note that it costs $25,000 to develop a system. Assume that good conditions are TWICE as likely as the bad conditions.  (Hint: twice as likely means a ratio of 2:1). Calculate expected monetary values for all courses of action.                               Which option should the company pursue?    Justify your response.

A real estate investor has the opportunity to purchase land currently zoned residential. If the county board approves a request to rezone the property as commercial within the next year, the investor will be able to lease the land to a large discount firm that wants to open a new store on the property. However, if the zoning change is not approved, the investor will have to sell the property at a loss. Profits (in thousands of dollars) are shown in the following payoff table:     State of Nature Rezoning Approved Rezoning Not Approved Decision Alternative S1 S2 Purchase, d1 590 -160 Do not purchase, d2 0 0     If the probability that the rezoning will be approved is 0.5, what decision is recommended?Recommended decision:    What is the expected profit?Expected profit: $  fill in the blank 2 The investor can purchase an option to buy the land. Under the option, the investor maintains the rights to purchase the land anytime during the next three months while learning more…

St. Carmen’s hospital is considering two alternatives and analyzing their consequences over a 3-year period on the hospital budget.     Alternative A = hire a pharmacist     Alternative B = Buy an automated drug delivery system machine         Alternative A’s costs are $90,000 salary plus 20% for fringe benefits per year for the next 3 years     Alternative B’s costs for the automated system are $220,000 for the first year, $35,000 for the second year, and $35,000 for the third year.     Alternative A’s savings are $150,000 per year for the next 3 years Alternative B’s savings are $120,000 per year for each of the 3 years Assuming a 5% discount rate, calculate: The net benefit of hiring a pharmacist The net benefit of the automated system The benefit-to-cost ratio of hiring a pharmacist The benefit-to-cost ratio for the automated system Which option, alternative A or alternative V, would be chosen based on the following: The net benefit calculations? Why? The…

ABC company plans to produce a new line of laptop computers. Management wants to decide either to purchase keyboard for the new computers from an outside supplier or to manufacture them in the factory. If they buy from the supplier each keyboard will cost 100$. However, if they set up the assembly process required within the company it will cost an initial investment of $100,000. After the set up company can produce each keyboard in the factory for $75. Calculate the break-even point. Comment which option is better below and above the break-even point.

A builder has located a piece of property that she would like to buy and eventually build on. The land is currently zoned for four homes per acre, but she is planning to request new zoning. What she builds depends on the approval of zoning requests and your analysis of this problem to advise her. With her input and your help, the decision process has been reduced to the following costs, alternatives, and probabilities:Cost of land: $2 millionProbability of rezoning: .60If the land is rezoned, there will be additional costs for new roads, lighting, and so on, of $1 million. If the land is rezoned, the contractor must decide whether to build a shopping center or 1,500 apartments that the tentative plan shows would be possible. If she builds a shopping center, there is a 70 percent chance that she can sell the shopping center to a large department store chain for $4 million over her construction cost, which excludes the land; and there is a 30 percent chance that she can sell it to an…

Spartan Castings must implement a manufacturing process that reduces the amount of particulates emitted into the atmosphere. Two processes have been identified that provide the same level of particulate reduction. The first process is expected to incur $350,000 of fixed cost and add $50 of variable cost to each casting Spartan produces. The second process has fixed costs of $150,000 and adds $90 of variable cost per casting.a. What is the break-even quantity beyond which the first process is more attractive?b. What is the difference in total cost if the quantity produced is 10,000?

CEO John Spychalski is concerned about a problem that has existed at CBN railroad for almost 20 years now. The continuous problem has been that the locomotives used by the company are not very reliable. Even with prior decisions to resolve the problem, there still has not been a change in the reliability of these locomotives. Between 2015 and 2016, 155 new locomotives were purchased and one of CBN’s repair shops was renovated. The renovated shop has been very inefficient. Spychalski estimated that the shop would complete 300 overhauls on a yearly basis, but instead it has only managed to complete an average of160 overhauls per year.The company has also been doing a poor job servicing customers (that is, providing equipment). CBN has averaged only 87–88 percent equipment availability, compared to other railroads with availability figures greater than 90 percent. Increased business in the rail industry has been a reason for trying to reduce the time used for repairing the locomotives.…

Use excel and show formulas   Benson Enterprises is deciding when to replace its old machine. The machine’s current salvage value is $1.2 million. Its current book value is $1 million. If not sold, the old machine will require maintenance costs of $420,000 at the end of the year for the next five years. Depreciation on theold machine is $200,000 per year. At the end of five years, it will have a salvage value of $220,000. A replacement machine costs $3.5 million now and requires maintenance costs of $160,000 at the end of each year during its economic life of five years. At the end of five years, the new machinewill have a salvage value of $540,000. It will be fully depreciated using the three-year MACRS schedule. In five years a replacement machine will cost $4,000,000. Pilot will need to purchase this machine regardless of what choice it makes today. The corporate tax is 35 percent and theappropriate discount rate is 10 percent. The company is assumed to earn sufficient revenues to…

What information does a decision maker need in order to perform an expected value analysis of a problem?

An online coaching program has been developed for patients with borderline hypertension. A total of 100 patients are randomized to receive the coaching, and 100 patients serve as control subjects. The start-up cost of the coaching program is $2,000 for software, hardware, and office supplies. A part-time nurse is hired for the program, with a salary of $15,000 plus 20% fringe benefits. The cost per year per patient for medication is $1000. It has been shown that for the first year after beginning the program, 90% with coaching were not considered hypertensive (normal or borderline blood pressure) and 10% were prescribed medication to control their blood pressure. In the control group (no coaching), 70% were not considered hypertensive after 1 year and 30% were prescribed blood pressure medication. Patients in the coaching group continue to receive coaching even if they are prescribed medication. Assuming that these probabilities are constant for the next 4 years, and assuming a 3%…