The flute is typically about 26 inches long and as we have seen this week it is an open tube at both ends. There are holes that are closed or opened by fingering and valves that change their effective length, and the pattern and mechanisms to do this set various designs of flutes played now and in the past. Assume that the velocity of sound in warm moist air is 340 m/s. 1. A flute player can also create higher frequencies by generating harmonics of the fundamental. With no holes open, by blowing harder on it, vibrations with shorter wavelengths will resonate in the tube. Again, thinking of the physics as a tube open at both ends without open holes otherwise, the fundamental has a wavelength that is twice the length of the tube. What are the wavelengths of the first and second harmonics? Explain how you figured that out. 2.Take a bottle with a narrow opening that had your favorite beverage in it, and when it is empty blow across the top of the bottle. Now add some water so that the bottom of the bottle is covered and the air space is less with the bottle still vertical. Blow on that across the top. Does the pitch (frequency) of the resonant sound increase or decrease? You can try it yourself, and then explain what you found.
The flute is typically about 26 inches long and as we have seen this week it is an open tube at both ends. There are holes that are closed or opened by fingering and valves that change their effective length, and the pattern and mechanisms to do this set various designs of flutes played now and in the past. Assume that the velocity of sound in warm moist air is 340 m/s.
1. A flute player can also create higher frequencies by generating harmonics of the fundamental. With no holes open, by blowing harder on it, vibrations with shorter wavelengths will resonate in the tube. Again, thinking of the physics as a tube open at both ends without open holes otherwise, the fundamental has a wavelength that is twice the length of the tube. What are the wavelengths of the first and second harmonics? Explain how you figured that out.
2.Take a bottle with a narrow opening that had your favorite beverage in it, and when it is empty blow across the top of the bottle. Now add some water so that the bottom of the bottle is covered and the air space is less with the bottle still vertical. Blow on that across the top. Does the pitch (frequency) of the resonant sound increase or decrease? You can try it yourself, and then explain what you found.
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