The Harvard Step Test was developedt in 1943 as a physical fitness test, and modifications of it remain in use today. The candidate steps up and down on a bench 20 inches high 30 times per minute for 5 minutes. The pulse is counted three separate times for 30 seconds each: at 1 minute, 2 minutes, and 3 minutes after the exercise is completed. If P is the sum of the three pulse counts, then the physical efficiency index E is calculated using 15,000 E= The following table shows how to interpret the results of the test. Interpretation Efficiency index Below 55 Poor condition 55 to 64 Low average High average Good Excellent 65 to 79 80 to 89 90 & above (a) Does the physical efficiency index increase or decrease with increasing values of P? O increase O decrease Explain in practical terms what this means.
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- The germination rate of seeds is defined as the proportion of seeds that, when properly planted and watered, sprout and grow. A certain variety of grass seed usually has a germination rate of 0.80, and a company wants to see if spraying the seeds with a chemical that is known to change germination rates in other species will change the germination rate of this grass species. (a) Suppose the company plans to spray a random sample of 400 seeds and conduct a two-sided test of 0: 0.8Hpusing = 0.05. They determine that the power of this test against the alternative 0.75pis 0.69. Interpret the power of this test.(b) Describe two ways the company can increase the power of the test. What is a disadvantage of each of these ways? (c) The company researchers spray 400 seeds with the chemical and 307 of the seeds germinate. This produces a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of seeds that germinate of (0.726, 0.809). Use this confidence interval to determine whether the test described in…To examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and birth weight, a researcher selects a sample of n = 20 pregnant rats and mixes alcohol with their food for 2 weeks before the pups are born. One newborn pup is randomly selected from each subject’s litter and the average with weight for the n = 20 pups is recorded. It is known that the average birth weight for regular rats (without exposure to alcohol) is μ = 5.6 grams. What type of test would you use to test the hypothesis that alcohol consumption during pregnancy reduces birth weights? Would you use a one-tailed or two-tailed test? What would be an appropriate measure of effect size to report?A physician wants to test if temperature has an effect on heart rate. In order to do this, she compares the heart rates in beats per minute of several random volunteers after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 50∘F and after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 75∘F. Suppose that data were collected for a random sample of 11 volunteers, where each difference is calculated by subtracting the heart rate in beats per minute in the 50∘F room from the heart rate in beats per minute in the 75∘F room. Assume that the populations are normally distributed. The physician uses the alternative hypothesis Ha:μd≠0. Suppose the test statistic t is computed as t≈5.627, which has 10 degrees of freedom. What range contains the p-value?
- A physician wants to test if temperature has an effect on heart rate. In order to do this, she compares the heart rate in beats per minute of several random volunteers after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 50∘F and after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 75∘F. Suppose that data were collected for a random sample of 11 volunteers, where each difference is calculated by subtracting the heart rate in beats per minute in the 50∘F room from the heart rate in beats per minute in the 75∘F room. Assume that the populations are normally distributed. The test statistic is t≈5.627, α=0.05, the corresponding rejection regions are t<−2.228 and t>2.228, the null hypothesis is H0:μd=0, and the alternative hypothesis is Ha:μd≠0. Which of the following statements are accurate for this hypothesis test in order to evaluate the claim that the true mean difference between the heart rate in the 75∘F room and the heart rate in the 50∘F room is significantly not equal to…A data with 18 points will be integrated as accurately as possible using a combination of Simpson's rules. It will require ____ applications of Simpson's 3/8th rule and _____ applications of Simpson's 1/3rd ruleA researcher tests reaction time of each group of 14 individuals twice once while in a very hot room and once while in a normal temperature room. What kind of t-test should be used?
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- An experiment was conducted to compare the effectiveness of four training programs, namely, A, B, C, and D in training assemblers of a piece of electronic equipment. Twenty employees were randomly selected and assigned to each program, that is, five employees per program. After completion of the training courses, each person was required to assemble four pieces of equipment, and the length of time (in secs) to complete the assembly was recorded. The summary of the data gathered is recorded in the table. At α=0.10, test for the hypothesis that the assembly times for people trained are the same for the four programs. A B C D x̄ 62.46 51.00 63.47 60.57 s 4.13 4.03 4.49 4.60 n 5 5 5 5 Pairwise Comparison Test 1 Given the hypotheses: H0:μ1=μ2 ; Ha:μ1≠μ2 Compute for the Tukey's q-statistic. Round off to the nearest hundredths: Pairwise Comparison Test 2 Given the hypotheses: H0:μ1=μ3 ; Ha:μ1≠μ3 Compute for the Tukey's q-statistic. Round off to the nearest hundredths:An experiment was conducted to compare the effectiveness of four training programs, namely, A, B, C, and D in training assemblers of a piece of electronic equipment. Twenty employees were randomly selected and assigned to each program, that is, five employees per program. After completion of the training courses, each person was required to assemble four pieces of equipment, and the length of time (in secs) to complete the assembly was recorded. The summary of the data gathered is recorded in the table. At α=0.10, test for the hypothesis that the assembly times for people trained are the same for the four programs. A B C D x̄ 62.46 51.00 63.47 60.57 s 4.13 4.03 4.49 4.60 n 5 5 5 5 1. What is the null and alternative hypothesis? 2. In the decision rule: Reject H0 if Fc>F0.10,(A,B)=C .Otherwise, fail to reject H0. What is the value for df for treatments, A? What is the value for df for error, B? What is the critical value, C? 3. Decision for the ANOVA…An experiment was conducted to compare the effectiveness of four training programs, namely, A, B, C, and D in training assemblers of a piece of electronic equipment. Twenty employees were randomly selected and assigned to each program, that is, five employees per program. After completion of the training courses, each person was required to assemble four pieces of equipment, and the length of time (in secs) to complete the assembly was recorded. The summary of the data gathered is recorded in the table. At α=0.10, test for the hypothesis that the assembly times for people trained are the same for the four programs. A B C D x̄ 62.46 51.00 63.47 60.57 s 4.13 4.03 4.49 4.60 n 5 5 5 5 Suppose it makes sense to conduct a post-hoc analysis. We will use Tukey's test to make pairwise comparisons between means. The decision rule for Tukey's test would be as follows: "Reject H0 if |qc|>q0.10,K,L=M . Otherwise, fail to reject H0." 1. What is the value for the number of…