The toxins in cigarette smoke damage the cells of the tissue capillaries and also cause arterioles supplying capillary beds to constrict. What effect will this have on tissue gas exchange?

Q: Bacteria and dust particles are moved back up the bronchiole by the sweeping motion of the: Cilia…

A: Introduction :- Layers of smooth muscle make up the bronchioles, which enable bronchodilation and…

Q: Which of the following occurs during the chlorideshift? a. Chloride is removed from the…

A: Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals. It delivers necessary substances such as oxygen…

Q: Illustrate and label the wave diagram of pulmonary volumes and capacities with the following format:…

A: INTRODUCTION:                                                             Lung volumes and their…

Q: Why Exchange Gases and What Are the Requirements for Gas Exchange?

A: Gas can be defined as one of the four fundamental states of matter and the others being solid,…

Q: What is cause of gas exchange in the tissues throughout our body. Also what is causing the gas…

A: Respiration is the process through which gases from the atmosphere and the body are exchanged.…

Q: The partial pressure of a gas is dependent upon what two factors?

A: Partial pressure is referred to the pressure that a specific gas tends to exert if it is known to…

Q: Outline the process of gas exchange

A: BASIC INFORMATION BREATHING  It is the process in which the air is taken in and exhaled out. The air…

Q: Why do fish suffocate when taken out of the water and placed in air, whereas mammals suffocate if…

A: Fish and other aquatic organisms use gills for gaseous exchange. But mammals and birds uses lungs as…

Q: Explain how the arterial PO2 and the oxygen content of whole blood are affected by (a)…

A: There are around 300 million alveoli in two lungs. Alveoli are also known as miniature lungs where…

Q: Given an alveolar pressure of 760 mm, an intrapieural pressure of 755 Hg and a tidal volume of 450…

A: lung compliance is a measure of the lung's ability to stretch and expand. It is given by  change in…

Q: Respiratory organs of invertebrates and vertebrates are similar in that a. they use negative…

A: Breathing is described as the movement of air between the atmosphere and the lung. It involves two…

Q: Explain why chemoreceptors are important for the regulation ofventilation.

A: In physiology, a chemoreceptor detects changes in normal environment, including increase of CO2 in…

Q: How a countercurrent flow becomes more beneficial than a concurrent flow in terms of response gas…

A: A biological phenomenon wherein a material is exchanged between fluids that are flowing in different…

Q: Explain why the first breath of a healthy neonate is more difficult than subsequent breaths and why…

A: Respiration is the oxygen movement from the outer environment to cells and the carbon dioxide…

Q: Some medical conditions can cause an abnormally low concentration of H+ ions in the blood. Explain…

A: A condition of the body wherein the blood becomes excessive alkaline, is known as Metabolic…

Q: Explain how partial gas pressures are calculated, and their significance in measurements of arterial…

A: The respiratory system is one of the essential organ systems in the human body that helps in…

Q: When blood oxygen levels markedly decrease, what vascular response does the chemoreceptor reflex…

A: In adults, a reflex tachycardia happens when oxygen is reduced or the carbon dioxide indulge is…

Q: Which of these statements about intrapulmonary pressure and intrapleural pressure is true?A.The…

A: Answer- Intra pulmonary pressure is the pressure of air inside the lungs.

Q: Explain the role of hemoglobin in gas transport.

A: The fluids that are produced in the body and either circulated within the body or secreted out are…

Q: The hypoxic ventilatory response occurs when low arterial PO2 stimulates thea. aortic bodies.b.…

A: HVR is the mechanism initiated when lowlanders travel to high altitudes, the oxygen level is not…

Q: A person breathing room air has an alveolar PO2 of 105 mmHg and an arterial PO2 of 80 mmHg. Could…

A: Hypoventilation refers to a state of decreased or inadequate ventilation. Hypoventilation is…

Q: Jumping into cold water may initiate the “diving reflex,” during which blood is shunted toward the…

A: The diving reflex is activated by chilling and wetting the nostrils and face while holding your…

Q: Note in part (a) that the normal resting value on this pressure–frequency curve is on the steepest,…

A: The ability of an organism to control different physiological processes in order to maintain a…

Q: Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are the arterioles leading into the O2-enriched…

A: Respiration is defined as a metabolic process, where the oxygen molecule is moved from the external…

Q: When individuals are hyperventilating, they are told to breathe into a paper bag or into their…

A: The body of humans consists of a number of systems that work together to maintain the homeostasis of…

Q: Severe hemorrhage increases peripheral vasoconstriction and heart rate. Why does it cause rapid…

A: When there is an imbalance between the demand and supply of oxygen to the body tissues as a result…

Q: What changes in the FEV1/FVC would you expect to see with restrictive pulmonary disease?  Remember…

A:

Q: Name the gas that reduces oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

A: Hemoglobin is a protein molecule found in red blood cells that help in carrying oxygen to different…

Q: Explain in details gas exchange in the tissues.

A: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment, especially from a…

Q: Compare the values below. Which is greater, or are the two values equal? A. Rate of gas exchange in…

A: Arteries are the blood vessels which are responsible for transporting the blood away from the heart.…

Q: Which vessels is where gas exchange occprs?

A: Air enters the body through the medium of the body part that is the nose or mouth. It travels…

Q: At high altitudes, the partial pressure of oxygen is lower. How might you expect this lower oxygen…

A: The role of oxygen in the human body is much more important in sustaining life. The fall in oxygen…

Q: Fill in the blank:  As a result of hyperventilation, breath-holding time is _______________________.

A: Hyperventilation is a phenomenon in which the breathing rate causes the elimination of more carbon…

Q: When ventilation is not sufficient, which of thefollowing occurs?a. The capillary constricts.b. The…

A: Ventilation, also known as breathing is a process through which air moves inside and outside the…

Q: Why would someone have a higher than normal peak flow? A lower than normal peak flow? How does age…

A: The peak expiratory flow is a condition where a person's maximum speed of expiration is estimated to…

Q: Countercurrent flow of water and blood increases the efficiency of gas exchange in?

A: Countercurrent exchange can be defined as a mechanism in which the transferring of substance between…

Q: The chloride shift refers to the exchange of chloride ions for carbon dioxide gas across respiratory…

A: Chloride shift is also known as Hamburger phenomenon. It is found during the gaseous transport in…

Q: The alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs are composed of a simple squamous epithelium.…

A: Respiration is the metabolic process of taking in oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide. This process…

Q: What would happen if the pressure in the pleural space (the space between the visceral and parietal…

A: The opposing elastic recoils of the lung and chest wall, as well as the forces produced by…

Q: what impact (effect) does sickle cell disease have on oxygen flow through body systems and why does…

A: Autosomal recessive: In this type the gene or condition is recessive type which means expressed in…

Q: Do the following conditions cause hemoglobin to release more O2 to the tissues or to absorb more…

A: Hemoglobin is a globular protein responsible for oxygen transport in the blood. It is a tetrameric…

Q: Which of the following stimulates the production oferythrocytes?a. AMSb. high blood levels of carbon…

A: Blood is a specialized body fluid. Blood brings nutrients and oxygen to all the portions of the…

Q: Which vessels is where gas exchange occurs

A: Air enters into the body through the nose or mouth. It moves to the pharynx and then passes into the…

Q: If there is increased hydrostatic pressure on the venous side of the capillaries leading to an…

A: Ankle edema is a condition in which there is swelling in the ankle. This is a result of the entry of…

Dissection

Dissection is the process of cutting up the tissue of a dead or live animal or plant, to do anatomical studies and surgical treatments. The purpose of dissection is to learn more about the overall structure of organs and organ systems and thereby understand the physiology of the organism.