Theorem 5 Suppose that (5) holds. If x (n) is a solution of (4), then either x (n) = 0 eventually or lim sup (Ja; (n)|)/" = Xj. where A1,.., Ak are the (not necessarily distinct) roots of the characteristic equation (7). Firstly, we take the change of the variables for Eq.(2) as follows yn = n. From this, we obtain the following difference equation Yn Yn+1 = 1+p Yn-m (8) where p = 12. From now on, we handle the difference eq ion (8). The unique positive equilibrium point of Eq.(8) is 1+ V1+ 4p

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter7: Analytic Trigonometry
Section7.2: Trigonometric Equations
Problem 98E
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Show me the steps of deremine blue and inf is here i need evey I need all the details step by step and inf is here

Theorem 5 Suppose that (5) holds. If x (n) is a solution of (4), then either
x (n)
= 0 eventually or
lim sup (x; (n)|)/" = xj.
where A1,
, Ak are the (not necessarily distinct) roots of the characteristic
..
equation (7).
Firstly, we take the change of the variables for Eq.(2) as follows yn
From this, we obtain the following difference equation
Yn
Yn+1 = 1 +p-2
Уп-т
В
where p = . From now on, we handle the difference equation (8). The unique
positive equilibrium point of Eq.(8) is
A² •
1+ v1+ 4p
2
Transcribed Image Text:Theorem 5 Suppose that (5) holds. If x (n) is a solution of (4), then either x (n) = 0 eventually or lim sup (x; (n)|)/" = xj. where A1, , Ak are the (not necessarily distinct) roots of the characteristic .. equation (7). Firstly, we take the change of the variables for Eq.(2) as follows yn From this, we obtain the following difference equation Yn Yn+1 = 1 +p-2 Уп-т В where p = . From now on, we handle the difference equation (8). The unique positive equilibrium point of Eq.(8) is A² • 1+ v1+ 4p 2
Motivated by the above studies, we study the dynamics of following higher
order difference equation
Xn+1 =
A + B
(2)
where A, B are positive real numbers and the initial conditions are positive
numbers. Additionally, we investigate the boundedness, periodicity, oscillation
behaviours, global asymptotically stability and rate of convergence of related
higi
order difference equations.
Consider the scalar kth-order linear difference equation
x (n + k) + P1 (n)x (n + k – 1) + .+ Pk (n)x (n) = 0,
(4)
where k is a positive integer and p; : Z+ → C for i = 1,
,k. Assume that
qi = lim p;(n), i = 1, ... , k,
(5)
exist in C. Consider the limiting equation of (4):
x (n + k) + q1x (n + k – 1) +
+ qkx (n) = 0.
(6)
Theorem 4 (Poincaré's Theorem) Consider (4) subject to condition (5).
Let A1,, Ak be the roots of the characteristic equation
入*+ 91入
+ 9k
(7)
= 0
..
of the limiting equation (6) and suppose that |Ai| # |A;| for i # j. If x (n) is
a solution of (4), then either x (n) = 0 for all large n or there exists an index
je {1,... , k} such that
x (n + 1)
x (n)
lim
Transcribed Image Text:Motivated by the above studies, we study the dynamics of following higher order difference equation Xn+1 = A + B (2) where A, B are positive real numbers and the initial conditions are positive numbers. Additionally, we investigate the boundedness, periodicity, oscillation behaviours, global asymptotically stability and rate of convergence of related higi order difference equations. Consider the scalar kth-order linear difference equation x (n + k) + P1 (n)x (n + k – 1) + .+ Pk (n)x (n) = 0, (4) where k is a positive integer and p; : Z+ → C for i = 1, ,k. Assume that qi = lim p;(n), i = 1, ... , k, (5) exist in C. Consider the limiting equation of (4): x (n + k) + q1x (n + k – 1) + + qkx (n) = 0. (6) Theorem 4 (Poincaré's Theorem) Consider (4) subject to condition (5). Let A1,, Ak be the roots of the characteristic equation 入*+ 91入 + 9k (7) = 0 .. of the limiting equation (6) and suppose that |Ai| # |A;| for i # j. If x (n) is a solution of (4), then either x (n) = 0 for all large n or there exists an index je {1,... , k} such that x (n + 1) x (n) lim
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