Tunstall, Incorporated, a small service company, keeps its records without the help of an accountant. After much effort, an outside accountant prepared the following unadjusted trial balance as of the end of the annual accounting period on December 31: Cash Accounts receivable Supplies Prepaid insurance Service trucks Accumulated depreciation Tunstall, Incorporated Unadjusted Trial Balance At December 31 Other assets Accounts payable Wages payable Income taxes payable Notes payable (3 years; 10% interest due each September 30) Common stock (4,000 shares outstanding) Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Service revenue Wages expense Remaining expenses (not detailed; excludes income tax) Income tax expense Totals Data not yet recorded at December 31 included: Debit Credit 46,000 11,300 540 750 17,600 9,060 16,200 33,170 134,620 9,500 2,320 11,000 1,906 17,154 4,300 88,440 134,620 Data not yet recorded at December 31 included: a. The supplies count on December 31 reflected $210 in remaining supplies on hand to be used in the next year. b. Insurance expired during the current year, $750. c. Depreciation expense for the current year, $3,900. d. Wages earned by employees not yet paid on December 31, $620. e. Three months of interest expense (for the note payable borrowed on October 1 of the current year) was incurred in the current year. f. Income tax expense, $5,180.
The Effect Of Prepaid Taxes On Assets And Liabilities
Many businesses estimate tax liability and make payments throughout the year (often quarterly). When a company overestimates its tax liability, this results in the business paying a prepaid tax. Prepaid taxes will be reversed within one year but can result in prepaid assets and liabilities.
Final Accounts
Financial accounting is one of the branches of accounting in which the transactions arising in the business over a particular period are recorded.
Ledger Posting
A ledger is an account that provides information on all the transactions that have taken place during a particular period. It is also known as General Ledger. For example, your bank account statement is a general ledger that gives information about the amount paid/debited or received/ credited from your bank account over some time.
Trial Balance and Final Accounts
In accounting we start with recording transaction with journal entries then we make separate ledger account for each type of transaction. It is very necessary to check and verify that the transaction transferred to ledgers from the journal are accurately recorded or not. Trial balance helps in this. Trial balance helps to check the accuracy of posting the ledger accounts. It helps the accountant to assist in preparing final accounts. It also helps the accountant to check whether all the debits and credits of items are recorded and posted accurately. Like in a balance sheet debit and credit side should be equal, similarly in trial balance debit balance and credit balance should tally.
Adjustment Entries
At the end of every accounting period Adjustment Entries are made in order to adjust the accounts precisely replicate the expenses and revenue of the current period. It is also known as end of period adjustment. It can also be referred as financial reporting that corrects the errors made previously in the accounting period. The basic characteristics of every adjustment entry is that it affects at least one real account and one nominal account.
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