Use the previous parts to deduce that f(7) is a transposition.

Elements Of Modern Algebra
8th Edition
ISBN:9781285463230
Author:Gilbert, Linda, Jimmie
Publisher:Gilbert, Linda, Jimmie
Chapter3: Groups
Section3.5: Isomorphisms
Problem 20E: For each a in the group G, define a mapping ta:GG by ta(x)=axa1. Prove that ta is an automorphism of...
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Problem 3. The goal of this problem is to study the automorphisms of S, that is, the iso-
morphisms from S5 to itself. Letf: SsSs be an automorphism. To lighten
the notations, we denote by r the transposition (1 2) e S.
(a) Show that the permutation f(r) E S, has order 2.
(b) Use part (a) to show that f(r) is either a transposition or a product of two
disjoint transpositions.
(c) Show that a permutation o e S, commutes with r if and only if the permu-
tation f(o) commutes with f(7). Deduce that the number of permutations
in S, that commute with 7 and the the number of permutations in S, that
commute with f(r) are equal.
Let (a b) e S, be a transposition, with 1 < a, b < 5 distinct. We recall that,
for a permutation a E Ss, the permutation o o (a b)00 is also a transposition,
namely
o (a b) o o = (0(a) o(b))
(This was proved in Problem Sheet 7, you do not have to prove it here.)
(d) Show that a permutation o e S; commutes with the transposition (a b) if
and only we are in one of the following situations:
o(a) = a and o(b) = b,
%3D
or
o(a) = b and o(b) =
= a.
How many permutations in Ss commute with the transposition (a b)?
(e) Use a similar strategy to determine the number of permutations in S, that
commute with a product of two disjoint transpositions of the form (a b)(c d)
with 1<a, b, c, d <5 all distinct.
(f) Use the previous parts to deduce that f(r) is a transposition.
Transcribed Image Text:Problem 3. The goal of this problem is to study the automorphisms of S, that is, the iso- morphisms from S5 to itself. Letf: SsSs be an automorphism. To lighten the notations, we denote by r the transposition (1 2) e S. (a) Show that the permutation f(r) E S, has order 2. (b) Use part (a) to show that f(r) is either a transposition or a product of two disjoint transpositions. (c) Show that a permutation o e S, commutes with r if and only if the permu- tation f(o) commutes with f(7). Deduce that the number of permutations in S, that commute with 7 and the the number of permutations in S, that commute with f(r) are equal. Let (a b) e S, be a transposition, with 1 < a, b < 5 distinct. We recall that, for a permutation a E Ss, the permutation o o (a b)00 is also a transposition, namely o (a b) o o = (0(a) o(b)) (This was proved in Problem Sheet 7, you do not have to prove it here.) (d) Show that a permutation o e S; commutes with the transposition (a b) if and only we are in one of the following situations: o(a) = a and o(b) = b, %3D or o(a) = b and o(b) = = a. How many permutations in Ss commute with the transposition (a b)? (e) Use a similar strategy to determine the number of permutations in S, that commute with a product of two disjoint transpositions of the form (a b)(c d) with 1<a, b, c, d <5 all distinct. (f) Use the previous parts to deduce that f(r) is a transposition.
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