Use two methods to explain how the target protein can be expressed and validated from the DNA

Q: explain the concept behind capillary electrophoresis in DNA quantification.

A: Introduction: Capillary electrophoresis is a technique that is utilized to separate complex mixtures…

Q: Compare and contrast transposons and genomic islands.

A: The transposons move from one genomic location to the another genomic location by the cut and paste…

Q: Design an experiment to determine whether a specific gene is transcribed by RNA polymerase II.

A: RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is responsible for the flow of genetic information from DNA to messenger…

Q: Design a DNA microarray experiment that measures the difference in gene expression between normal…

A: DNA microarray experiments are conducted to measure the levels of gene expression of genes and the…

Q: Using illustrations describe the structure of a typical cloning vector and discuss the functions of…

A: "Biotechnology" is the use of our knowledge of biological processes to the development of beneficial…

Q: Explain Two strategies for assembling whole genome sequences.

A: All the genetic information of an organism is known as its genome. Genome assembly is defined as the…

Q: describe genetic screen

A:

Q: Construct a table, concept map, or picture to summarize how base analogues, DNA-modifying agents,…

A: Table of mutations induced by base analogue ,intercalary agents and DNA modifying agents --…

Q: Define repetitive sequence, and explain how repetitive sequences affect genome sizes.

A: All the genetic material that an organism has is referred as genome. The genetic material can be in…

Q: Explain the function of reverse transcriptase.

A: Transcription is the process of the formation of RNA from the DNA template strand. The enzyme is DNA…

Q: Characterize the events in cloning, using an example.

A: DNA cloning is the process by which a recombinant DNA can be inserted into a host organism and…

Q: Determine the gene sequence that is amplified by the use of primers in the polymerase chain…

A: The genes are a series of nucleotides found on chromosomes that code for a particular protein that…

Q: Describe various ways in which the sequence of DNA is verified or corrected. Why are there so many…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a molecule comprising of two helical polypeptide strands wound…

Q: Describe how an electrophoretic mobility shift assay is used to determine if a protein binds to DNA…

A: An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) is a common affinity electrophoresis technique used…

Q: Compare proof reading and repair .

A: There can be error during the replication of DNA which is corrected by proof reading and repair of…

Q: state two ways one can extract an insert from a plasmid

A: a plasmid is typically a tiny extrachromosomal DNA molecule that is found within the cell and is…

Q: how are specific molecules used to change a gene expression

A:

Q: Describe two ways of mass-producing a targeted section of DNA

A: The two methods that helps in mass-production of a targeted DNA sequence are PCR and Gene cloning…

Q: Explain what linkers and adapters are used in recombinant DNA studies.

A: Restriction enzymes can either create sticky ends or blunt ends. Sticky ends are those ends that…

Q: Explain how a reverse transcriptase activity within a cell can result in gene amplification.

A: Reverse transcriptase was the RNA dependent DNA polymerase enzyme where complementary DNA  was…

Q: Describe a technique you would use to identify the location of mRNA in an organism.

A: ANS: Microarray analysis enables researchers to look at expression patterns across all of the genes…

Q: Give examples of the major structural motifs in DNA-binding proteins, and explain how they bind.

A: DNA binding proteins such as transcription factors recognize and bind a short nucleotide sequence,…

Q: describe the main steps required to clone a gene and produce a protein.

A: Gene cloning is the technique of locating and copying (cloning) a gene of interest from all the DNA…

Q: Describe the various types of vectors used in DNA cloning. Explain the difference between a cloning…

A: Introduction: The term vector refers to the DNA molecules that act as transporting vehicle which…

Q: For what silencing of mRNA has been used?

A: RNA (Ribo Nucleic Acid) is the genetic material found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is the prime…

Q: describe use of transposons as mutagens in bacteria

A: Transposons are the genetic elements that can change their position within the genome.

Q: Which is an indicator that all transposable elements have a mechanism for insertion? A) Transposable…

A: Transposable elements or Transposons are the genetic elements which can move from one position to…

Q: Explain the function of CRISPR in bacterial cells.

A: Introduction CRISPR is a group of DNA sequences present in the genomes of bacteria and archaea,…

Q: Describe how the absence of the RNA polymerase enzyme affects the process.

A: RNA polymerase is an enzyme. It is used in the transcription process. The RNA polymerase binds to…

Q: Explain how a reporter sequence can be used to provide information about the expression pattern of a…

A: In the field of genetic engineering, the gene of interest is attached to a specific gene called the…

Q: 2a) With the aid of diagrams, describe the critical role of restriction enzymes in genetic…

A: Genetic Engineering is combining DNA from two or more different organisms to create recombinant DNA.

Q: Explain how you would compare the expression of a gene in a cancer cell and a normal cell using…

A: The functions of a gene can be studied by looking at how it expresses in a specific cell and how it…

Q: Define repetitive sequence and explain how this type ofsequence affects genome sizes

A: DNA molecules are made up of polynucleotide chains. These chains are coiled around each other and…

Q: Diagram the steps for the production of recombinant DNA. Label and Identify the steps involved and…

A: In the image provided above, the bacterial plasmid is composed of restriction sites such as EcoRI…

Q: Explain the  use of transposons as mutagens in bacteria

A: Transposons are genetic components with the ability to move around inside the genome.

Q: Gene expression can be controlled with the help of RNA.Explain the method with an example.

A: RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. RNA is usually single-stranded. One function of RNA is to enable…

Q: Elaborate what would happen if DNA Polymerase II is mutated?

A: DNA Polymerase  DNA polymerase is a group of enzymes that synthesize and repair the DNA molecules.

Q: Using a named example, discuss the advantages of using E. coli to produce recombinant proteins.

A: Recombinant DNA technology defines the artificial manipualtion of the genetic material to create the…

Q: Describe how a genome is mapped.

A: Genetic mapping includes the use of methods to recognize the locus of a gene and distance between…

Q: describe one method for sequencing DNA and a method for determining RNA sequencing

A: It means to determine the primary structure of an unbranched biopolymer.

Q: Explain the strategy by which a human gene can be cloned into a bacterial plasmid vector for…

A: Cloning vectors act as a vehicle to transfer desired foreign genetic material into a cell. All these…

Q: Using an example, explain why some mutations are not harmful.

A: Some mutations are beneficial to the organism in which they occur. Beneficial mutations are what…

Q: Explain how DNA is sequenced by the Sanger chain termination method

A: DNA is a polymer of multiple nucleotides connected together via phosphodiester bonds. A nucleotide…

Q: In a batch culture system both glucose and lactose are present. In this scenario how does the gene…

A: Batch culture is a conventional culture method used to research microorganism growth (Liu et al.,…

Q: Explain a powerful methodology for studying gene expression ?

A: The functions of a gene can be studied by looking at how it expresses in a specific cell and how it…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.