Water at 15°C is flowing through a 10 cm cast iron pipe (ɛ=0.26 mm) at 1 L/s. The friction coefficient a. Is a function of Reynolds number alone b. Is a function of relative roughness alone O c. Is a function of Reynolds number and relative roughness O d. Is independent of the roughness coefficient
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- 6.1 Determine the heat transfer coefficient at the stagnation point and the average value of the heat transfer coefficient for a single 5-cm-OD, 60-cm-long tube in cross-flow. The temperature of the tube surface is , the velocity of the fluid flowing perpendicular to the tube axis is 6 m/s, and the temperature of the fluid is . Consider the following fluids: (a) air, (b) hydrogen, and (c) water.Water at 10 C flows in a 1.25-cm-diameter pipe at a rate of 1.33 L/min. The hydrodynamic entry length (in meters) isA light liquid (ρ ≈ 950 kg/m3) flows at an average velocityof 10 m/s through a horizontal smooth tube of diameter5 cm. The fluid pressure is measured at 1-m intervals alongthe pipe, as follows: Estimate (a) the total head loss, in meters; (b) the wallshear stress in the fully developed section of the pipe; and(c) the overall friction factor.
- Consider a flow of SAE 30W oil at 20°C through a 2.4-cm-diameter smooth pipe at 1 million N/h. Determine the Reynolds number for this flow. For SAE 30W oil at 20°C, take ρ = 891 kg/m3, μ = 0.29 kg/m-s, and π = 22/7. The Reynolds number isCrude oil has a density of 856kg/m3 and dynamic viscosity of 0.0072Pa-s flow through a 60-mm diameter pipe at a rate of 0.24m/s. Which of the following most nearly gives the friction factor?For fl ow of water at a Reynolds number of 1.03 E6 througha 5-cm-diameter pipe of roughness height 0.5 mm, theapproximate Moody friction factor is(a) 0.012, (b) 0.018, (c) 0.038, (d) 0.049, (e) 0.102
- Water at 10 C flows in a 3.5-cm-diameter pipe at a velocity of 1.75 m/s. The Reynolds number for this flow is ?Water at 10°C (ρ = 999.7 kg/m3 and μ = 1.307 × 10−3 kg/m·s) is flowing steadily in a 5 -cmdiameter, 20-m-long circular stainless steel pipe. Determine(b) for an average velocity of 0.5 m/s, calculate the pressure drop, the head loss, the pumping powerrequired to overcome this pressure drop.Engine oil at 20 C flows in a 14-cm-diameter pipe at a rate of 900 L/min. The friction factor for this flow is
- Glycerin at 40°C with ?? = 1252 kg/m3 and ?? = 0.27 kg/m·s is flowing through a 6-cm-diameter horizontal smooth pipe with an average velocity of 3.5 m/s. Determine the pressure drop per 10 m of the pipe. What is minor loss in pipe flow? How is the minor loss coefficient KL defined?Pressure Drop of Power-Law Fluid in Laminar FlowA power-law fluid having a density of 1041 kg/m3 is flowing through 14.9 m of a tubing with an inside diameter of 0.0524 m at an average velocity of 0.0728 m/s. The rheological or flow properties of the fluid are K′ = 15.23N·sn′/m2 (0.318 lbf·sn′/ft2) and n′ = 0.40. Calculate the pressure drop and friction loss using Eq. (9.1-10) for laminar flow. Check the generalized Reynolds number to make sure that the flow is laminar. Repeat part (a) but use the friction-factor methodA geothermal district heating system involves the transport of geothermal water at 110°C from a geothermal well to a city at about the same elevation for a distance of 12 km at a rate of 1.5 m3/s in 60-cm-diameter stainless-steel pipes. The fluid pressures at the wellhead and the arrival point in the city are to be the same. The minor losses are negligible because of the large length-to-diameter ratio and the relatively small number of components that cause minor losses. (a) Assuming the pump–motor efficiency to be 80 percent, determine the electric power consumption of the system for pumping. Would you recommend the use of a single large pump or several smaller pumps of the same total pumping power scattered along the pipeline? Explain. (b) Determine the daily cost of power consumption of the system if the unit cost of electricity is $0.06/kWh. (c) The temperature of geothermal water is estimated to drop 0.5°C during this long flow. Determine if the frictional heating during flow can…