Question 1: True or FalseQuestionAnswerWe need transactions management for system effectiveness.In an E/R diagram, the relations cannot have their own keys.In a database system, we use write-ahead logging to achieve concurrency.We should avoid interleaving transactions.A schedule with Write-Write conflicts cannot be converted to a serialschedule.In strict 2PL, the program cannot access to the data when there is a lock onit.We prefer RAM than Disk since it is durable.The external merge sort algorithm can be complete with as little as twobuffer pages.

Question We need transactions management for system effectiveness. In an E/R diagram, the relations…

Answered: We need transactions management for…

Engineering

Computer Science

We need transactions management for system effectiveness.

Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management

11th Edition

ISBN:9781285196145

Author:Steven, Steven Morris, Carlos Coronel, Carlos, Coronel, Carlos; Morris, Carlos Coronel and Steven Morris, Carlos Coronel; Steven Morris, Steven Morris; Carlos Coronel

Publisher:Steven, Steven Morris, Carlos Coronel, Carlos, Coronel, Carlos; Morris, Carlos Coronel and Steven Morris, Carlos Coronel; Steven Morris, Steven Morris; Carlos Coronel

Chapter10: Transaction Management And Concurrency Control

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Let's say that a snapshot isolation database technology is being used to keep a bank's database secure.Might you give me an example of how a nonserializable execution could be harmful to the bank?
Consider a federated database system in which every local site ensures local serializability, and all global transactions are read only. a. Show by example that nonserializable executions may result in such a system. b. Show how you could use a ticket scheme to ensure global serializability.
Transaction T1 has the following distribution over database objects A and B: R(A), W(A), R(B), W(B)Give an example of a transaction T2 that, run in parallel with transaction T1, could lead to a conflict.Assume we don't have any concurrency control.
Consider a database system that includes an atomic increment operation, in addition to the read and write operations. Let V be the value of data item X.The operation increment(X) by C sets the value of X to V + C in an atomic step. The value of X is not available to the transaction unless the latter executes a read(X).Assume that increment operations lock the item in increment mode using the compatibility matrix in Figure 18.25.a. Show that, if all transactions lock the data that they access in the corresponding mode, then two-phase locking ensures serializability.b. Show that the inclusion of increment mode locks allows for increasedconcurrency.
In a database for an airline, consider "snapshot isolation." The question is if a strategy that doesn't allow for serialization is appropriate for airlines that are able to improve their overall profitability.
Imagine for a minute that a financial institution's database is being safeguarded by the snapshot isolation database technique.Do you offer a concrete example of how a nonserializable execution may be detrimental to a bank? If so, please distribute it.
Suppose you wish to create an audit trail of changes to the takes relation. Can the preceding implementation guarantee that updates made by a malicious database administrator (or someone who manages to get the administrator’s password) will be in the audit trail? Explain your answer.
Consider "snapshot isolation" as an example for a database for an airline. Is the selection of a strategy that does not lend itself to serialization suitable in the event that airlines are able to enhance their overall performance?
Consider a bank's database system that uses snapshot isolation. Describe a nonserializable execution that would be difficult for the bank to handle.
Provided below is an explanation for the following question: what does it mean for the database to have a stable state? There is no guarantee that the symbolic meaning of the transaction correctly represents the underlying real-world event that is provided by the database management system. This is because there is no guarantee that the transaction will be processed successfully. What changes would occur in society as a result of implementing such a restriction? Give an example that illustrates what you mean so that others may better understand. When Someone Says "Serializable Transactions," Does It Really Mean What It Says, Or Does It Just Mean What It Appears to Mean?
That's possible even if the master database has a "exclusive lock" on modifications. Data inconsistencies may occur in the database even if a "exclusive lock" is obtained for modifications if information is retrieved from a node other than the master.
Can you define a database's stable state? The symbolic significance of the transaction may differ from its actual occurrence in the database management system. To what extent would a prohibition be felt? Give an instance to illustrate your point. Is there really anything to "serializable transactions"?

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