Q: How are the metabolic pathways different in lactic acid fermentation and ethanol fermentation?
A: Lactic acid fermentation as well as alcoholic fermentation both occurs in absence or lack of oxygen.…
Q: How many ATPS are generated in one TCA cycle ?
A: The parts of cellular respiration are both Glycolysis and TCA cycle , out of which Glycolysis is…
Q: How many ATP molecules are generated from one complete metabolism of one molecule of maltose…
A: Glucose is the preferred biomolecule for the generation of ATP and reducing equivalents. Glucose is…
Q: What is the net yield of ATP during homolactic, acetate, and butyrate fermentations? How do these…
A: Fermentation is an anaerobic energy yielding process in which final electron acceptor is an organic…
Q: What causes the rotation of the γ subunit of the ATP synthase? Howdoes this rotation promote ATP…
A: ATP synthase complexes are an essential component of the cell that are responsible for the proton…
Q: How many protons are required to synthesize one ATP by F1F0-ATPase containing (a) 10 or (b) 15 c…
A: ATP synthase is an enzyme required for the synthesis of ATP. It is located in the F1 or head piece…
Q: Describe the structure of ATP synthase
A: The ATP synthetase is defined as an enzyme, present in the inner mitochondrial membrane and cristae,…
Q: How would an inhibitor of complex I of the ETC affect the activities of ATP Synthase, pyruvate…
A: Glucose is converted to pyruvate by glycolysis. Pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA by pyruvate…
Q: Which mechanisms may be used to reverse a high NADH:NAD+ ratio in the cytosol under anaerobic…
A: The process through which an organism receives energy is known as cellular respiration. Cellular…
Q: How does ATP assist enzymes which catalyze endergonic reactions?
A: The primary molecule for storing and transmitting energy in cells is adenosine 5'-triphosphate, or…
Q: If actively respiring mitochondria are exposed to an inhibitor of ATP-ADP translocase, the…
A: ATP is the energy currency of the cell. It is produced via oxidative phosphorylation of ADP and Pi…
Q: When muscle cells run out of oxygen, what happens to the potential for energy extraction from sugars…
A: Respiration is the chemical process that supplies the body with energy for all other life processes.…
Q: how much NET ATP is produced from the betea oxidation of myristic acid?
A: Beta-oxidation of fatty acid is a breakdown of long-chain fatty acid to produce ATP molecules in a…
Q: How many net ATPs are produced in Glycolysis if 7 glucose molecules entered the pathway?
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway in which glucose gets oxidized to two molecules of pyruvate…
Q: Why does the Krebs cycle operate only under aerobic conditionseven though it does not use molecular…
A: Respiration is the important chemical process that occurs in all living organisms including animals…
Q: What are the final energetic products of each round of the Krebs cycle? Where is most part of the…
A: Cellular respiration is the process by which the cells take the nutrients in the food and transform…
Q: What is the equilibrium ratio of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate under standard conditions when…
A: The equilibrium ratio of phosphoenoly pyruvate to pyruvate under standard conditions when…
Q: How do the P/O ratios for NADH differ in ATP synthases that contain 10 and 15 c subunits?
A: The P/O or Phosphate/Oxygen ratio refers tot he amount of ATP produced from the movement of two…
Q: What enzymes from the citric acid cycle that are allosterically regulated by ATP and/or NADH? What…
A: TCA cycle: - In this cycle, the activated acetate derived from pyruvate undergoes stepwise oxidation…
Q: What is the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?
A: Respiration is a process found in organisms which helps them make energy using food molecules.
Q: What is the mechanistic basis for the observation that the inhibitors of ATP synthase also lead to…
A: Inhibitors of ATP synthase such as the drug (diarylquinoline) were developed against tuberculosis.…
Q: What is the maximum number of ATP molecules produced in the electron transport chain from a single…
A: Electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from the electron…
Q: In performing its function does mt ATP synthase require other enzymes to be involved during its…
A: No, mitochondial ATP synthase do not require other enzymes during its function.
Q: What accounts for the ATP yield of fermentation being only a tiny fraction of the yield from aerobic…
A: Fermentation and anaerobic respiration are the two types of cellular respiration mechanisms that are…
Q: Suppose you synthesize an ATP synthase that was devoid of the y (gamma) subunit. How would the…
A: Oxidative phosphorylation - it is a process of ATP synthesis coupled with the movement of electrons…
Q: What is the terminal electron acceptor in photo- phosphorylation?
A: By activating PSII, photophosphorylation converts ADP into ATP by absorbing the energy of sunlight.…
Q: Explain the structure and function of ATP synthase.
A: Oxidative phosphorylation:It is also known as an electron transport-linked phosphorylation.It can be…
Q: What does the term “oxidative phosphorylation” mean? What is substrate-level phosphorylation? Are…
A: Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions which takes place in the cells to covert…
Q: Describe the role of the F1 portion of ATP synthase in oxidative phosphorylation
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the third step of cellular respiration in which ATP is formed from the…
Q: Describe in broad outline the stucture of ATP synthase(what parts make up the molecule and how are…
A: ATP synthase is the enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.
Q: Describe the experimental evidence which supports the rotational motion of the y- and e-subunits of…
A: Describe the experimental evidence which supports the rotational motion of the gamma and e-subunits…
Q: Explain how to increase the yield of a TEMPO-mediated oxidation?
A: TEMPO is a chemical compound having the chemical name (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-1-yl)oxidanyl…
Q: In the second reaction of the pentose phosphate pathway that generates NADPH, What are the…
A: The pentose phosphate pathway also called the hexose monophosphate shunt is an alternative pathway…
Q: What Are the Complex Equilibria Involvedin ATP Hydrolysis?
A: Introduction: The form of energy that a living body intake is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Q: What is the process by which cells generate ATP through a series of redox (chemical) reactions…
A: ATP synthesis takes place primarily in the mitochondria of eukaryotic species. Cellular respiration…
Q: What is the effect of adding cyanide to the DNOC-stimulated electron-transport chain?
A: The electron transport chain, abbreviated as ETC is a series of transfer of elections from one…
Q: How many ATPs are synthesized for every cytoplasmic NADH reducing equivalent that is transferred…
A: The malate-aspartate shuttle is a biochemical system for translocating electrons produced during…
Q: How many ATP are produced via the Kreb's cycle (total, directly, & indirectly)?
A: Krebs cycle, also termed as a citric acid cycle, occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotes and…
Q: What is used in the breakdown of ATP into ADP + Pi through hydrolysis?
A: ATP is like a charged battery , while ADP is like ad dead battery .ATP can be hydrolyzed to ADP and…
Q: What causes the c subunits of ATP synthase to rotate? What determines the direction of rotation?
A: As the Y and subunits are initially attached to the C subunit, the rotation of the ankal stalk is…
Q: What will happen to the proton (H+ions) gradient in the mitochondria if the ATP synthase is blocked?
A: The free energy released during the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is retained in the NADH and FADH2…
Q: How many NADH and how many FADH2 molecules are formed in the citric acid cycle?
A: Citric acid cycle : It is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release…
Q: Describe the basic structure of the ATP synthase.
A: ATP synthase is an enzyme complex which catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic…
Q: What organisms have ATP synthase?
A: ATP synthase is an enzyme that functions to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The…
Q: At which site in the mitochondrion and chloroplast do the ATPmolecules collect after being made by…
A: The respiratory chain is the final “processing mill” for electrons and protons. Overall, the…
Q: How do the ATP mass action ratio and the IF1 protein regulate ATP synthesis?
A: ATP mass action refers to the ration between ATP and ADP+ inorganic phosphate. Usually this ratio…
Q: Which mechanisms may be used to reverse a high NADH:NAD* ratio in the cytosol under anaerobic…
A: Alcohol Metabolism -- Alcohol --Alcohol the group of compounds which have a general formula R -OH…
Q: The following are the negative regulators of phosphofructokinase except Select one: a. AMP +b. H…
A: Introduction: The series of chemical reaction that covert glucose into pyruvate and ATP is known as…
Q: Much of our understanding of ATP synthase is derived from research on aerobic bacteria. What makes…
A: ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP and inorganic phosphate…
What are the catalytic subunits of F1 particle of ATP synthase?
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- When muscle cells run out of oxygen, what happens to the potential for energy extraction from sugars and what pathways do the cell use?How do the P/O ratios for NADH differ in ATP synthases that contain 10 and 15 c subunits?How do the three active sites of ATP synthase respond to the flow of protons?