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What are the relative merits of Drosophila, C. elegans, M. musculus, and Arabidopsis as model organisms for the study of development?
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- Describe the role of coordinate genes, gap genes, pair rule genes, segment polarity genes, and homeotic genes in Drosophila development.What would be the most likely effect on development of puncturing the posterior end of a Drosophila egg, allowing a small amount of cytoplasm to leak out, and then injecting that cytoplasm into the anterior end of another egg?What are the explanatory approaches to development? List down three approaches and give a situation where such approach was used in order to explain a phenomenon or concept in developmental biology.
- If the HoxA3 and HoxD3 genesare equivalent, how do you suppose they can play suchdistinct roles in development?What is the difference between a maternal-effect gene and a zygotic gene? Of the following genes that play a role in Drosophila development, which are maternal-effect genes and which are zygotic? Explain your answer. A. nanos B. Antp C. bicoid D. labDominguez et al. (2004) suggest that by studying genes that determine growth and tissue specification in the eye of Drosophila, much can be learned about human eye development. (a) What evidence suggests that genetic eye determinants in Drosophila are also found in humans? Include a discussion of orthologous genes in your answer. (b) What evidence indicates that the eyeless gene is part of a developmental network?
- What is positional information? What are three different ways that cells obtain positional information? Which of these ways do you think is the most important for the formation of a segmented body pattern in Drosophila?Dominguez et al. (2004) suggest that by studying genes that determine growth and tissue specification in the eye of Drosophila, much can be learned about human eye development. (a) What evidence suggests that genetic eye determinants in Drosophila are also found in humans? Include a discussion of orthologous genes in your answer. (b) What evidence indicates that the eyeless gene is part of a developmental network? (c) Are genetic networks likely to specify developmental processes in general? Explain fully and provide an example.explain Position-effect variegation in Drosophila?
- Explain the role of axis formation in development.Why have geneticists used reverse genetics to study the genes involved in vertebrate development? Explain how this strategy differs from traditional genetic analyses like those done by Mendel.What type of genes regulate the development of anatomical segments and structures in an organism, directing the development of different body regions early in the organism's development? A. Homeotic genes B. Anatomical genes C. Allelic genes D. Methylated genes
