What is diffusion and convection? Provide an example for each!
Q: Q2) The nearby figure shows a plot of the logarithm (to the base 10) of the diffusion coefficient…
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Q: Carbon is allowed to diffuse through a steel plate 11 mm thick. The concentrations of carbon at the…
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Q: The activation energy for the diffusion of copper in silver is 193,000 J/mol. Calculate the…
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Q: Design a spherical tank, with a wall thickness of 2 cm that will assure that no more than 50 kg of…
A: Given Thickness = 2 cm Operating temperature = 500 oC=773.15 K To find Preferred material for tanl
Q: Cite two reasons why interstitial diffusion is normally more rapid than vacancy diffusion.
A: Interstitial diffusion is a diffusion method in which small solutes particles occupy the…
Q: why diffusion coefficient of caarbon inBCC and FCC iron at temperature 912 is different?
A: Diffusion coefficient is a measure of the rate of diffusion of mass of a substance through each unit…
Q: :Question 5 A. What are the conditions of diffusion ?mechanisms إجابتك B. What are the benefits of a…
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Q: Gas diffusion layers are typically placed between: O The anode catalyst layer and the membrane. O…
A: fuel cell can be considered as device which produces electricity. The process involved is called…
Q: Discussion: Why the temp. of water increases rapidly than the paraffin when they heated together ?…
A: Given Water and paraffin mixture To find 1) Rapid temperature increment of the water in the mixture…
Q: Elaborate why is heat and mass transfer important in engineering. Provide three examples of heat and…
A: Process of transferring heat energy by virtue of temperature gradients is known as heat transfer.…
Q: Derive the dynamics of a geometric brownian motion with zero drift and constant diffusion term.
A: Given Geometric brownian motion To find Dynamics equation
Q: The purification of hydrogen gas is possible by diffusion through a thin palladium sheet. Calculate…
A: Given dATA t = 4.3 mm A = .76 m2 T = 500 °C Ca = Position of higher concentration = 4.2 Cb =…
Q: Define the General Heat/Diffusion Equation ?
A: The general heat equation is a multi-dimensional equation or a three-dimensional equation. The three…
Q: Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the diffusion coefficient equation? A. Its value…
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Q: Derive heat diffusion equation for cylinder and circle
A: general heat equation in cylindrical coordinates assumptions :-⇒ Constant K,P,C⇒Uniform heat…
Q: The wear resistance of a steel shaft is to be improved by hardening its surface by increasing the…
A: Explanation: Here we have Where: = 0.0025 % by weight of N = 0.45 % by weight…
Q: Define and briefly elaborate the terms listed below, support your elaboration with mathematical…
A: Concentration boundary layer By convention, the thickness of the boundary layer is defined as the…
Q: Insulation degrades (experiences an increase in thermal conductivity) if it is subjected to water…
A: Area = 3m X 4m thickness = 15 mm Diffusion coefficient = 10-9 m2/s Solubility = 5 × 10−3 kmol/m3
Q: An open tank, 6 mm in diameter, contains 1 mm deep layer of benzene (Mol wt = 78) at its bottom. The…
A: Given:- Pressure of benzene, Pb1=13.15 KN/m2 Atmospheric pressure, Pt=101.3 KN/m2 d=6mm Layer…
Q: Efficient steam-water separation leads to efficient boiler operation, because: It prevents the…
A: Steam water separation prevents the carryover of water droplets (condensate) and solid. The solid…
Q: A device consisting of microtubes (radius 30 um and length of 0.3 cm) is line on its inside with a…
A: Microtube in a device is a line on its inside with monolayer of cells produce compound interestedly.…
Q: The purification of hydrogen gas is possible by diffusion through a thin palladium sheet. Calculate…
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Q: Describe what diffusion is and draw schematic illustrations of diffusion mechanisms
A: Diffusion is defined as a phenomenon in which the atoms, ions, and molecules' movement occurs. The…
Q: One method of fabricating complex aerospace components is diffusion bonding. We wish to join a…
A: In the given pproblem,A Ni sheet and a FCC iron is to be joint.
Q: Calculate the value of Q0
A: Given: T=950oC t=50 min Cs=2.0 x 10^26 atoms/m^3. Qd=3.40 eV/atom Do=1.1 x 10^4 m^2/s To calculate…
Q: If you lived in Fick's time and try to formulate a diffusion equation for the up-hill diffusion,…
A: Diffusion happens as a result of a concentration gradient, which is defined as the change in…
Q: Give three examples of materials processes that rely on diffusion in solids and explain how…
A: Three examples of material process that rely on diffusion are 1. Case hardening 2. Doping…
Q: Describe how Henry’s law and Graham’s law relate to the diffusion constants in Fick’s law.
A: Henry's Law: The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid at a given temperature is proportional to the…
Q: -Air is contained in a tyre tube of : Surface area = 0.5 m2 Wall thickness = 10 mm %3D The pressure…
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Q: Gaseous hydrogen at a constant pressure is to flow within the inside of a thin-walled cylindrical…
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Q: 1.11 Write down the differential form of the (Reynold) transport equation. Specify the diffusion and…
A: the general differential form of transport equation can be written as , ∂c∂t=∇.D∇c-∇.vc+R where, c…
Q: Oxygen gas at a temperature of 27°C at atmospheric pressure flows in parallel at 20 m/s over a…
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Q: Write down the [units] for the following terms: Diffusion coefficient, [D] = ______________…
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Q: The global average sensible heat flux is 17 W/m2. Use the following information to estimate the…
A: GivenSHF=17 W/m2Q=520×1012 m3/yrLHV=2.5×103 kJ/kg=2.5×106 J/kg R=6400km
Q: Soybean protein concentrate contains 65% water, after extraction. It is pressed in a shape of slab…
A: Protein bodies, which are thought to comprise at least (60–70)% of total soybean protein, are…
Q: Determine the mass of 0.25 m° of steam at 5 bar pressure and 0.85 dryness fraction. Proceed to…
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Q: xplain the cooling effect of evaporation in terms of latent heat of evaporation.
A: To explain the cooling effect of evaporation in terms of latent heat of evaporation.
Q: Q1: A): Oxygen (A) is diffusing through nondiffusing carbon monoxide(B).The total pressure is 1*105…
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Q: A thin plastic membrane is used to separate helium from a current. gaseous. Under steady-state…
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Q: Choose the correct Statement; O a. Collision & diffusion is possible in all phases of a substance O…
A: When the temperature of the gases increases, then the collision between the molecules of the gases…
Q: A gas diffuses through the walls of a pyrex tube whose cross-section is shown in the figure. Derive…
A: INTRODUCTION: We will draw the relationship between the rate of diffusion of gas passing through the…
Q: Consider a diffusion couple setup between pure tungsten and a tungsten alloy containing 1 at%…
A: Diffusion is carried out by three mechanism 1) Self Diffusion it means that random movement of atom…
Q: aseous hydrogen weakens the mechanical strength of cast iron. this phenomenon often occurs in cast…
A: CAs=2.2×10-7 mol H atoms/g FeCA=1.76×10-7mol H atoms/g Fe To- Find:- t=?
Q: Carbon is allowed to diffuse through a steel plate 11-mm thick. The concentrations of carbon at the…
A: Explanation: To solve the problem we proceed to use the 1 law of diffusion of flow, Here,…
9. What is diffusion and convection? Provide an example for each!
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- Design a spherical tank, with a wall thickness of 2 cm that will assure that nomore than 50 kg of hydrogen will be lost per year. The tank, which will operateat 500 °C, can be made of nickel, aluminum, copper, or iron. The diffusioncoefficient of hydrogen and the cost per kg for each available material is listedhere. (Assume that the tank capacity is 15 kg) Material D0 (cm2/s) Q (cal/mol) Cost ($/kg)Nickel 0.0055 8900 9.0Aluminium 0.16 10340 1.32Copper 0.011 9380 2.43Iron (BCC) 0.0012 3600 0.33You are asked to determine the concentration of a diffusing gas at a given depth on a metal surface after a given time. If you know the temperature of the metal, the surface concentration of the gas, and the diffusion coefficient, describe how you would approach this problem.A nuclear power station is situated in Coal Valley, which is a roughly rectangular valley that is 5 km long, 2 km wide, and 200 m deep. You have been asked to evaluate the effects of a worst-case scenario where the reactor housing fails, and radiation is released to the atmosphere. In your evaluation, you determine that 120 kg of Iodine-131 (a radioisotope that causes thyroid gland and liver damage) could be released into the atmosphere. Assuming the release of Iodine-131 was very rapid and all of it was uniformly distributed through the valley’s atmosphere with none escaping the valley, what would the concentration of Iodine-131 be in the valley’s air? Your answer should be expressed in units of ppm(v), and you may assume an atmospheric pressure of 1.0 atm and a temperature of 20oC. 2. Assuming the Iodine-131 concentration you calculated in part (a) is the initial concentration in the valley, you now want to determine the time it will take for the concentration to decrease to…
- Problem 1: Determine the amount of heat removed from 1.5 kg of bologna (sausage) when cooled from 24C to -7C.Assume MC of 59% and at -7C, 22% won’t be frozen. Problem 2: Estimate the thermal diffusivity of butter at 20°C.How is storage modulus and loss modulus relate with diffussivity of a drug molecule pass through a gel? Does higher storage modulus means lower difussivity?Answer in a brief and concise essay. 1. Why does diffusion in solids important?
- Gaseous hydrogen weakens the mechanical strength of cast iron. this phenomenon often occurs in cast iron pressure vessels containing 100% gas hydrogen. H2 gas dissolves in metallic iron and diffuses into solid non-porous iron by an interstitial diffusion mechanism. H2 gas does not need to penetrate far into the iron to have a negative effect on the mechanical strength of iron. In the present situation, 100% of H2 gas at 1.0 atm and 100°C is contained within a 1.0 m internal diameter and wall thickness of 2.0 cm. The solubility of hydrogen in iron in 100°C is 2.2x10-7 mol of H/g Fe atoms. The diffusion coefficient of atoms of hydrogen in solid iron is 124.0x10-9 cm2 /sec at 100°C. Initially, there are no H atoms in solid iron. How many hours will it take for the hydrogen level inside the iron metal reaches 1.76x10-7 mol H atoms/g Fe at a depth of 0.1 cm from the surface exposed to hydrogen gas?Use the definition of the Sherwood number to calculate the mass transfer coefficient (in cm/s) for a scenario where the characteristic length is 0.034 m, the diffusivity is 0.00099 cm^2/s, and the Sherwood number is 3.5.A food containing 80% moisture will be dried to a moisture content of 10% at 100 ° C. In the drying process that takes place at atmospheric pressure, if the initial temperature of the food is 21 ° C, calculate the heat energy (kJ) that should be given to 1 kg of food. The heat capacity of the food is 3.8 kJ / kg ° C and the heat capacity of the water is 4.186 kJ / kg ° C.