What is the index number of the last element of an array with 9 elements? Select one: а. 10 O b. 7 С. 8 O d. 9

Q: In the SOP expression X = ABC + CDE + B'CD' , each term is called a min term Select one: True False

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Q: If x(t) = 5(1 + 0.5 cos(4T103))cos3n106, determine (a) Type of modulation. (b) Modulation index. (c)…

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Q: A communications satellite is used to link a number of mobile ground stations which transmit and…

A: The solution is given below

Q: (a) Find the spectrum of the scrambled signal y(t). (b) Suggest a method of descrambling y(t) to…

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Q: A. The output signal from an AM modulator is: SAM(1) = 20 COS (1200 10' n)t + 6 COS (1208*10'n)t + 6…

A: We need to analyse the given signal .

Q: Suppose I am using Orthogonal FSK to transmit data according to the following constellation where…

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Q: Q/ We need to send data 2 bits at a time at a bit rate of 8 Mbps. The carrier frequency is 10 MHz.…

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Q: A Communication source sending alphabet letters S={ A, B, C, D, E, F}. The following table lists the…

A: Since, we are authorized to only answer up to 3 sub-parts. So we''ll answer up to first 3 sub parts.…

Q: If a carrier c(t) = 10 cos (2π 2*106t) is modulated by a single tone message signal m(t) = 8 cos (2π…

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Q: Tagay The GSM cellular radio system uses GMSK in a 200-kHz channel, with channel data rate of…

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Q: A calculator with a random number generator produces the following sequence of random numbers:…

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Q: A telephone line having a bandwidth of 3 kHz is assigned for data communication. The SNR is 3150.…

A: In practical life, all data communication channels are noisy channels and it is impossible to…

Q: The voltage in a circuit is determined at various times, as follows: time: 12345678 voltage: 1.2 2.1…

A: Resistors, inductors and capacitors form an integral part of any electrical circuit. A source,…

Q: Q2. An FM transmitter is modulated with a single tone A, cos (2TA,t) and a carrier amplitude of Az…

A: An FM transmitter is modulated with a single tone A1cos (2ππA2t) and a carrier amplitude of A3 volt.…

Q: Example: Assume your Student ID is 432306128. Use the first four numbers for caculating: k = 8 + 2…

A: Determine the value of k,

Q: A communication system uses four waveforms for transmission of symbols having equal probability…

A: The symbols S1t,S2t,S3t, and S4t are given. The energy of S1 is given by…

Q: An AM transmitter has a carrier power of 30W. Percentage modulation is 85 %. Calculate the power in…

A: We have to calculate the power in one side band .

Q: A. The output signal from an AM modulator is: SAM(t) = 20 COS (1200 10'n)t + 6 COS (1208 10' n)t + 6…

A: In this question,  We need to determine the lower, and upper side band frequency?  Carrier ans…

Q: 5. If a message signal Xm(t) = 3*cos(8000rt) is modulated by a carrier %3D signal xc(t) =…

A: As per bartleby policy we have to solve first three sub part.  so we wull find carrier message…

Q: If an AM signal is represented by v = (10 + 2 Sin (II * 16 * 103 t)) * Sin (II * 3.2 * 106 t) volts…

A: Standard Am equation is  Ac(1+(Am/Ac)Cos(2πfmt))Cos(2πfct) Where Am/Ac=u  is modulation index  fm is…

Q: 12. An FM signal is expressed as: s(t) = 2000 cos(2710’t+0.5cos 2710*t). The peak frequency…

A: Given: The FM signal is st=2000cos2π107t+0.5cos2π104t

Q: broadcast of FM. Occurs in the 88–108 MHz range. economical traditional terrestrial commercial

A: The broadcasting in of the television and the television falls in the range of 88.0 MHz and end at…

Q: Given the sequence [1, 1, 0] (the boldface element being the origin), determine the 3- point DFT of…

A: Find the DFT of the given sequence ??

Q: Which type of modulation is used for the following: a) Geostationary satellite broadcasting…

A: a) Geostationary satellite broadcasting weather-related data: In this case, a special type of…

Q: Find the modulation index if a 10 V carrier is amplitude modulated by three different frequencies…

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Q: Q1. An information as v/(t)=x (1) cos 10' √√3t, is desired to be transmited through a char If the…

A: Given circuit is shown below. Above circuit is Low pass filter. Transfer function is Vos=Vis×11+sCR

Q: Vs=11111.316684.9419-Sending Phase lag How did you get the output?

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Q: Consider the normal AM signal s(t) = 4.4cos(2л1500t) + [0.21cos(2л100 Find Normal AM transmission…

A: Given an AM signal, st=4.4 cos2π1500t+0.21 cos2π1000t

Q: Palm Olein is the primary raw material used in a process plant, it is contained in a tank with a…

A: Solution- The problem statement can be illustrated using the adjacent figure . The primary raw…

Q: Generate a random image by the following code. M= 8; ik N= 16; X= rand (M, N); x= floor (x* 8);…

A: 1.The most common pixel format is the byte image, where this number is stored as an 8-bit integer…

Q: Provide Your Answer as  letter A if the first statement is True , Letter B if the second statement…

A: Given the statements as follows- 1. The passing general average rating shall be seventy percent…

Q: A signal has bandwidth of 4 kHz and a signal-to-noise ratio of 28 dB at the input to the receiver.…

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Q: Suppose an AM signal displayed on an oscilloscope reads Vmax = 6 divisions and Vmin = 2 divisions.…

A: Given data:

Q: Draw the block diagram of a communication system. In your own words, describe the function/purpose…

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Q: During the measurement, power signal from sensor reading is 10 dB (decibels), and the noise power is…

A: "According to the Company's policy, we will solve the first subpart of the question since the other…

Q: . Calculate Yr and e, for a frequency 20 kHz? - Repeat part (a) for Zz ? - Calculate Vc? . Calculate…

A: In this question we have to determine admittance ,impedance of network and voltage across capacitor…

Q: A 1250 W, 200 KHz carrier is modulated by the signal 30 cos (2000 Ttt) to a depth of 60% calculate…

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Q: Homework 2// If x (t) = 5(1+0.5 cos(4m10³)) cos3n106, determine (a) Type of modulation. (b)…

A: As per our company guidelines we are supposed to answer only first 3 subpart kindly repost the other…

Q: * The parameters that are mainly used in radar systems are. T Parameters OH Parameters OZ Parameters…

A: The parameters that are mainly used in radar systems are .... A. T parameters  B. H parameters C. Z…

Q: 1.49. Let x(f) be an arbitrary signal with even and odd parts denoted by x (t) and x (t),…

A: 1.49) Let x(t) is an arbitrary signal with even and odd parts

Q: 34/ suppose you have st) amessaye signl, an explanaim for genentiom of ŚCt) Using Delta modulation?…

A: Delta Modulation It is a technique, where conversion of digital to analog and analog to digital used…

Q: Determine x[n] if the region of convergence of X(z)

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Q: 18. It is a measure of how much information can be propagated through a communication system and is…

A: The explanation is as follows.

Q: 2. An AM signal can be represented as: v=(15+3 Sin(2n×5×10°t))×Sin(2r×0.5×10°t) volts What are the…

A: The AM signal is represented in the given problem: v=15+3sin2π×5×103t×sin2π×0.5×106t voltsThis can…

Q: k bolun The optical power, after propagating through a fiber that is 7 km long is reduced to 30% of…

A: Given, Length of fiber, L = 7 km The optical power after propagating through a fiber reduces to 30 %…

Q: 3. Bandwidth efficiency is the ratio of the transmission bit rate to the minimum bandwidth required…

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Q: a 4KHZ sinusoidal message signal modulates a 800KHZ sinusoidal carrier signal, what quencies are…

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Q: A radio station transmits the signal s(t) = Vc sin [wct + mf sin wmt] where Vc = 16 V wC =…

A: From the given data we can calculate all the required values. They mentioned the amplitudes of m(t)…

Q: An RF link, which includes transmitting and receiving antennas, operates at 10 GHz. The transmitting…

A: Given: Frequency, f=10 GHz Distance between transmitter and receiver, d=1 m Transmitter dBi gain,…

Antenna Characteristics

The antenna is an important concept in the domain of electronics and communication engineering. An antenna forms an integral part of many commonly used devices such as wireless modems, routers, game controllers, mobile phones, bluetooth devices, and so on. In simple terms, any wireless communication makes use of antennas to serve the purpose. An antenna, also known by the term 'arial', is an electrical device that converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic waves into electrical signals. An antenna contains a transmission line usually made up of co-axial cable, it then receives the signals and converts them into electromagnetic waves, which are then transmitted via space into their required destination. A communication system essentially makes use of two antennas, a transmission antenna, which converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves, and a receiving antenna, which receives the electromagnetic waves and converts them back into electrical signals.