What is the role of variation in evolution-if heterozygosity is reduced, what happens to the potential for evolution? The phenotype and genotype of a population is due to a mosaic of random and directed processe.some of these have to do with history; some are related to adaptation, etc. As completely as possibl, discuss the role of chance and direction in evolution and in determining the phenotype of a population.
Gene Flow
Gene flow, also known as gene migration, is the introduction of genetic material from a particular population to another population of the same species through interbreeding. For example, a bee facilitates its reproductive process by carrying pollen from one flower to another. The flow alters the composition of the gene pool of the receiving population. It introduces new alleles within the population and helps increase variability. This exchange of genetic material occurs through reproduction and brings about new combinations of traits into the population. Where human beings are concerned, actual migration of populations, whether voluntary or forced, brings about gene flow.
Population Biology
Population biology is the study of patterns in organism populations, specifically the growth and management of population size, population genetics, the evolution of life history, species interactions, and demography.
Speciation
The process of speciation involves the formation of new species during evolution. The new species evolve in such a way that both new and old species are not able to interbreed. Thus, speciation occurs when few members of one species get separated from the main species due to geographical, mechanical, or reproductive isolation. These separated members develop new traits that make them different from the main species. In other words, speciation could be defined as the absence of gene flow between two populations that become new species.
Allele Fixation
A gene is a unit of heredity and contains both physical and functional information that shapes an individual. Genes are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carry genetic information from one generation to another, from one set of parents to their offspring, and so on. Every cell in a human body, or any living organism, has the same DNA, which implies that every cell in an individual’s body has all the information it needs to build and sustain the body!
What is the role of variation in evolution-if heterozygosity is reduced, what happens to the potential for evolution? The
Evolution is the alteration in the organisms of a population at the gene level that over time leads to dissimilarities or variations among them. It describes how one single life form evolved to produce a plethora of biodiversity present on earth today. An important force driving the process of evolution is natural selection. It drives the selection of organisms that possess the fittest genotype to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
Variation is an important force in evolution as it allows natural selection to increase or decrease the frequency of alleles already in the population. Genetic variation is advantageous to a population because it enables some individuals to adapt to the environment while maintaining the survival of the population.
Variation plays an important role in evolution. It acts as the driving force for evolution. Without variation, all of the offsprings produced would be identical. Any variation that is beneficial to the population and increases its chances of survival is propagated in a population. Gradually, the trait becomes fixed and ensures the stability of the evolving population. It also allows natural selection to increase or decrease the frequency of alleles; helps organisms to adapt to the environment.
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