Which of the following could result in allopatric
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A.
Two populations of a species are separated by a river that they are unable to cross.
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B.
Two populations of a species are separated by a field that is too dry during the summertime.
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C.
One group within a population mates during the evenings and another during the mornings.
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D.
One group within a population develops a new mating ritual that is not recognized by the other.
The word speciation means "creation of species". Speciation takes place when there is a evolutionary transition of a population into two or more distinct species.
Species is defined as a population that may interbreed(breed with each other ). So if members of a single population get separated into two or more different populations that can no longer breed with each other ,leads to the creation of two or more species.
This seperation of members of a single population into two or more populations could be due to many reasons. One such reason is physical or geographical barrier . If by any reason, the population gets split due to a geograpical barrier such as mountain ranges,oceans or large rivers, they start adapting themselves to their respective environment they are stuck in and in this process of adapting themselves, these populations become so different from each other that even if they were brought to be in the same environment, they can no longer breed with each other anymore.
Thus, any geographical barrier that separates members of the same population on either sides, would eventually lead to the creation of two or more different species. This kind of speciation is called Allopatric speciation.
The best and most famous example of Allopatric speciation is Galapagos finches which was studied by Charles Darwin who stated that there were 15 different species from a common ancestor that have emigrated to different islands, became isolated from each other and evolved in a way that each of them looked different and had developed specialised beaks for eating different type of food accoding to the availability of their respective environment.
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