Which of the following statements are correct about telomeres (select all that apply)? A. A total of 6 nucleotides are lost at the end of each chromsome during each replication cycle. B. Addition of telomerase to cells that have undergone breakage-fusion-bridge cycles can reverse crisis C. Shortening of telomeres prevents cells from becoming cancerous even if they have oncogenes and defective tumor suppressor genes D. All cancer cells express high levels of telomerase E. Chromosomes without telomeres tend to undergo end-to-end fusions

Which of the following statements are correct about telomeres (select all that apply)? A. A total of 6 nucleotides are lost at the end of each chromsome during each replication cycle. B. Addition of telomerase to cells that have undergone breakage-fusion-bridge cycles can reverse crisis C. Shortening of telomeres prevents cells from becoming cancerous even if they have oncogenes and defective tumor suppressor genes D. All cancer cells express high levels of telomerase E. Chromosomes without telomeres tend to undergo end-to-end fusions

Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305441620

Author:WOODROW

Publisher:WOODROW

Chapter14: Antineoplastic Drugs

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11CRQ

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Below is a study of a colony of cells, determine that some of these cells have a mutated DNA polymerase I that results in loss of function of this enzyme. - What will the effect of the mutation in DNA polymerase I be on DNA replication? Include leading and lagging strand - Will this mutation in DNA polymerase I have an impact on another step in DNA replication? Will DNA be replicatation be impacted? Are any enzymes involved?
Consider a DNA molecule with the following structure a. if during replication , the T at position 4 is read as an A resulting in a misincorporation in the new DNA strand . If the misincorporation is not repair , draw or write the results of the second round of replication b. After the second round of replication , what specific type of point mutation is now permanent in the DNA sequence ? c. List the two cellular mechanisms that failed to prevent the establishment of this permanent mutation .
In your own words, explain how cancer cells differ from normal cells in regard to the following: Telomeres, which are products of telomerase enzyme
Which of the following is FALSE about DNA replication in eukaryotes? a. It is catalyzed entirely by one DNA polymerase. b. Chromatin modifications by kinases are required. c. Polymerase switching occurs. d. It starts from multiple origins on each chromosome.
Cancer cells can divide much longer than most other cells. One possible reason is the presence of telomerase in cancer cells. How might telomerase aid cancer cells? A. It proofreads the telomere sequences. B. It increases the length of the telomeres. C. It decreases the length of the telomeres. D. It stabilizes the bonds in the telomeres.
Determine whether each statement isTRUE or FALSE.a. In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA replication begins at a single point in the chromosome and proceeds in two directions.b. The bonds between the sugars and phosphates are broken during DNA replication.c. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis progresses away from the replication fork.d. Each DNA molecule resulting from replication has one original strand and one new strand.e. The difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized is due to DNA polymerase adding new nucleotides only to the 3’ end of a growing strand, and the strands are anti-parallel.
You are studying a colony of cells and determine that some of these cells have a mutated DNA polymerase I that results in loss of function of this enzyme. A) What will the effect of the mutation in DNA polymerase I be on DNA replication? In your answer make sure to describe what would be observed in the leading and lagging strand and explain your reasoning. B) Will this mutation in DNA polymerase I have an impact on another step in DNA replication? In your answer make sure to indicate whether DNA replication will be impacted or not. If it is not, explain why. If it is impacted, then describe the step that is impacted and name the molecule or enzyme involved.
A. In NOT more than 200 words, explain how the double-helical structure of DNA suggests a mechanism for DNA replication? B. In NOT more than 200 words, explain the special mechanism used to replicate chromosome ends?
Hypothetically, a cell has DNA that weighs 10 picograms. This cell goes through S phase and is about to undergo mitosis. How much does the DNA of this cell weight now? How much would the DNA of the two cells produced at the end of mitosis weigh? Explain your reasoning.
Which of the following is true about the enzyme telomerase? A. It is found only in adult cells. B. It is responsible for telomere shortening. C. It can re-establish telomere length. D. It may speed up the aging process. E. It is expressed at low levels in cancer cells.
Which statement about Okazaki fragments is true? Select one: a. DNA polymerase doesn’t need a primer to build these fragments b. They act as a primer that initiates DNA replication. c. They correct errors made during earlier phases of DNA replication. d. They are necessary because DNA polymerase can only build DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction, so for one of the strands at each fork, the DNA polymerase can only buildaway from the fork. e. They prevent the ends of chromosomes from shortening with every replication.
Suppose that E. coli synthesizes DNA at a rate of 100,000 nucleotides per minute and takes 40 minutes to replicate its chromosome. (a) How many base pairs are present in the entire E. coli chromosome? (b) What is the physical length of the chromosome in its helical configuration—that is, what is the circumference of the chromosome if it were opened into a circle?